Posastiuc Florin Petrișor, Constantin Nicolae Tiberiu, Micșa Cătălin, Nicolae George, Diaconescu Alexandru Ilie, Codreanu Mario Darius, Șerban Andreea Iren, Van Soom Ann
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bd. Mărăşti nr. 59, Sector 1 Bucharest 011464, Romania; Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bd. Mărăşti nr. 59, Sector 1 Bucharest 011464, Romania; Research and Development Institute for Bovine, Balotești, București-Ploiești km 21, 077015 Ilfov, Romania.
Top Companion Anim Med. 2025 Jan-Feb;64:100947. doi: 10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100947. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
Monorchidism is an uncommon condition in tomcats, defined by the congenital absence of one of the testicles. Due to the lack of information regarding possible biomarkers, most monorchidism cases require laparotomy in order to differentiate it from cryptorchidism. Human data suggest that monorchid patients have lower serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels when compared to cryptorchids, premises that has been also scrutinized in veterinary medicine. Here, we describe a case of monorchidism in a tomcat, focusing on the clinical findings and the dynamics of AMH serum levels before and after the removal of the singularly identified testicle. To contribute to the limited knowledge of AMH levels across different reproductive statuses in tomcats, the findings from this monorchid case were compared to values obtained from two cryptorchid tomcats (one unilateral and one bilateral), three intact tomcats, and three castrated tomcats. In addition, clinical, histopathological and ultrasound examinations were conducted in all tomcats. The AMH levels in the monorchid tomcat revealed a consistent decrease after surgery, from 27.3 ± 0.2 ng/ml when the testicle was still present, to 2.3 ± 0.2 ng/ml 1 week later, and further decreasing below the detection limit (<0.15 ng/ml) for the last 2 weeks of the trial, matching the AMH level of the castrated male. AMH serum levels of the bilateral and unilateral cryptorchid tomcat (22.5 ± 0.3 ng/ml; 24.1 ± 0.2 ng/ml) were in agreement with those of the three intact males (19.1 ± 2.2 ng/ml) and the monorchid prior to surgery. AMH testing effectively confirmed the absence of testicular tissue after unilateral orchiectomy in a monorchid tomcat but did not differentiate between monorchidism and cryptorchidism. To our knowledge, this is the first case of monorchidism in tomcats, in which AMH levels before and after surgery have been determined.
单睾症在雄猫中是一种罕见病症，其定义为先天性缺失一侧睾丸。由于缺乏有关可能生物标志物的信息，大多数单睾症病例需要进行剖腹探查术，以便将其与隐睾症区分开来。人类数据表明，与隐睾症患者相比，单睾症患者的血清抗苗勒管激素（AMH）水平较低，这一前提在兽医学中也受到了审视。在此，我们描述一例雄猫单睾症病例，重点关注临床发现以及在切除唯一确定的睾丸前后AMH血清水平的变化动态。为了补充关于雄猫不同生殖状态下AMH水平的有限知识，将该单睾症病例的结果与从两只隐睾雄猫（一只单侧隐睾和一只双侧隐睾）、三只正常雄猫和三只去势雄猫获得的值进行了比较。此外，对所有雄猫进行了临床、组织病理学和超声检查。单睾雄猫的AMH水平在手术后呈现持续下降，从睾丸仍存在时的27.3±0.2 ng/ml降至1周后的2.3±0.2 ng/ml，并在试验的最后2周进一步降至检测限以下（<0.15 ng/ml），与去势雄猫的AMH水平相符。双侧和单侧隐睾雄猫的AMH血清水平（22.5±0.3 ng/ml；24.1±0.2 ng/ml）与三只正常雄猫（19.1±2.2 ng/ml）以及手术前的单睾症雄猫一致。AMH检测有效地证实了单睾雄猫单侧睾丸切除术后睾丸组织的缺失，但无法区分单睾症和隐睾症。据我们所知，这是首例测定了手术前后AMH水平的雄猫单睾症病例。
