Faria Guilherme N, Fernandes Pedro, Coelho Diana, Franco Susana, Sardinha Tiago, Esteves Tiago
Famiy Medicine, Centro de Saúde do Porto da Cruz, Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira (SESARAM), Funchal, PRT.
Dermatology, Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça, Serviço de Saúde da Região Autónoma da Madeira (SESARAM), Funchal, PRT.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 26;16(11):e74511. doi: 10.7759/cureus.74511. eCollection 2024 Nov.
This case report highlights the efficacy of rituximab (RTX), a monoclonal antibody that targets B-lymphocytes, in the treatment of severe pemphigus vulgaris (PV) that was unresponsive to multiple conventional therapies. A 44-year-old female presented with mucocutaneous lesions that had been progressing for 12 months, with a Pemphigus Disease and Area Index (PDAI) total activity score of 66, indicating severe disease. The patient received two infusions of RTX two weeks apart, without complications. Complete remission of the lesions was observed after four months of follow-up. The successful outcome of this case report reinforces RTX as a first-line treatment option in severe PV cases, although its feasibility should still be considered. It is important to note that RTX treatment may have limitations due to its high cost, potential for immunosuppression, and relatively high relapse rate after treatment cessation. This case report provides insights into the potential use of RTX in the treatment of moderate to severe PV and emphasizes the need for further research to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes.
本病例报告强调了利妥昔单抗(RTX)——一种靶向B淋巴细胞的单克隆抗体——在治疗对多种传统疗法均无反应的重度寻常型天疱疮(PV)中的疗效。一名44岁女性出现黏膜皮肤病变,病程已达12个月,天疱疮疾病与面积指数(PDAI)总活动评分为66,表明病情严重。该患者每隔两周接受两次RTX输注,未出现并发症。随访四个月后观察到病变完全缓解。本病例报告的成功结果强化了RTX作为重度PV病例一线治疗选择的地位,尽管其可行性仍应予以考虑。需要注意的是,RTX治疗可能存在局限性,因其成本高昂、有免疫抑制的可能性,且在治疗停止后复发率相对较高。本病例报告为RTX在中度至重度PV治疗中的潜在应用提供了见解,并强调需要进一步研究以评估其疗效、安全性和长期结果。