Supplemental biotin for swine. II. Influence of supplementation to corn- and wheat-based diets on reproductive performance and various biochemical criteria of sows during four parities.

Data from 116 females previously fed a corn-soybean basal diet with 0 or 220 micrograms supplemental biotin/kg during growth and development were used to study the influence of 0 (NB) or 440 (SB) micrograms of supplemental biotin/kg to corn-(C) or wheat-(W) based diets for gilts and sows housed in total confinement. Reproductive performance through four parities (total of 245 litters) and various sow and pig biochemical criteria were evaluated. Females fed W diets were older (P less than .07) at first estrus, farrowed litters that were lighter weight (P less than .01) at birth and that contained fewer (P less than .05) total and live pigs compared with females fed C diets. Biotin supplementation did not significantly influence (P greater than .10) farrowing and lactation performance; however, after the first parity, total and live pigs/litter at farrowing tended to be larger for SB females. Conception rate at first estrus postpartum was increased (P less than .07) by 9% and the average weaning to estrus interval was reduced (P less than .05) from 14.5 to 10.2 d with SB. Biotin supplementation increased (P less than .001) the biotin content of sow plasma, milk and liver, while sow liver pyruvate carboxylase activity was not altered (P greater than .10). Pigs farrowed by SB females had three- and fivefold higher (P less than .001) levels of plasma biotin at birth and 14 d of age, respectively; however, liver biotin levels at birth were not different (P greater than .10) for pigs from NB and SB females.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)