Fidyawati Desy, Masulili Sri Lelyati C, Iskandar Hanna Bachtiar, Suhartanto Heru, Kiswanjaya Bramma, Li Xue
Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo(B), Jakarta 10270, Indonesia.
Dent J (Basel). 2024 Dec 13;12(12):407. doi: 10.3390/dj12120407.
Early periodontitis diagnosis is challenging due to varying staging and grading systems. While clinical parameters like bleeding on probing (BoP) and pocket depth (PD) are commonly used, periapical radiographs provide valuable information about bone loss and periodontal ligament changes. However, a clear definition of early periodontitis, particularly regarding alveolar bone crest changes, remains elusive. This cross-sectional study involved 21 participants aged 20-30 with clinical signs of periodontitis and radiographic evidence of alveolar bone changes and periodontal ligament widening. Four dentists assessed 40 cases for BoP, 40 for PD, and 40 for periapical radiographs. Statistical analysis revealed that the pocket depth measurement was the most significant factor in diagnosing early periodontitis (Fisher's exact test, -value = 0.000). Additionally, the irregularity of the alveolar crest proved to be a significant marker compared to periodontal ligament width (Fisher's exact test, -value = 0.000). A Kendall Tau_b test (-value = 0.000, r = 1.000) confirmed pocket depth to be the most influential parameter among the assessed factors. While this study highlights the importance of clinical and radiographic assessments in early periodontitis detection, integrating these findings into a definitive diagnosis can be complex. The standardization of diagnostic techniques and the development of advanced radiographic interpretation methods are crucial to improve accuracy. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic criteria and explore additional tests for early periodontitis detection.
由于分期和分级系统各不相同，早期牙周炎的诊断具有挑战性。虽然探诊出血（BoP）和牙周袋深度（PD）等临床参数常用，但根尖片能提供有关骨质丧失和牙周膜变化的有价值信息。然而，早期牙周炎的明确定义，尤其是关于牙槽嵴顶变化的定义，仍然难以捉摸。这项横断面研究纳入了21名年龄在20至30岁之间、有牙周炎临床体征以及牙槽骨变化和牙周膜增宽影像学证据的参与者。四名牙医对40例进行了探诊出血评估，40例进行了牙周袋深度评估，40例进行了根尖片评估。统计分析显示，牙周袋深度测量是诊断早期牙周炎的最重要因素（Fisher精确检验，P值 = 0.000）。此外，与牙周膜宽度相比，牙槽嵴的不规则性被证明是一个重要标志（Fisher精确检验，P值 = 0.000）。Kendall Tau_b检验（P值 = 0.000，r = 1.000）证实牙周袋深度是评估因素中最具影响力的参数。虽然这项研究强调了临床和影像学评估在早期牙周炎检测中的重要性，但将这些发现整合到明确诊断中可能很复杂。诊断技术的标准化和先进影像学解读方法的开发对于提高准确性至关重要。需要进一步研究以完善诊断标准并探索用于早期牙周炎检测的其他检查。
