Malentacchi Francesca, Mancini Irene, Villari Donata, Forster Michael, Marzocco Andrea, Galli Ilaria Camilla, Viola Lorenzo, Masieri Lorenzo, Nesi Gabriella, Pinzani Pamela
Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 51039 Florence, Italy.
Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Dec 6;46(12):13881-13892. doi: 10.3390/cimb46120829.
Circulating tumor cells and cell-free nucleic acids are novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive tools for non-invasive and cost-effective cancer detection in liquid biopsy. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) has been proposed as a biomarker in urogenital tumors and urine sediment. Our aim was to evaluate CAIX full-length percentage (CAIX FL%) in urine-cell-free RNA (cfRNA) and its relationship with tumor-cell-associated RNA (TC-RNA). CAIX FL% was quantified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in patients with prostate, kidney or bladder carcinoma. When cfRNA and TC-RNA were analyzed, CAIX FL% was significantly higher in urine samples from cancer patients than from controls. Using a 10% cutoff for CAIX FL%, specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values, as well as accuracy for TC-RNA were higher than for cfRNA in all urogenital cancers, but varied according to tumor type. CAIX FL% distribution in TC-RNA differed significantly ( < 0.001) between control and tumor samples (37.5% and 96.2%, respectively); similar results were obtained for each tumor type. Additionally, the 10% cutoff showed a 77.9% concordance between TC-RNA and cfRNA. In conclusion, urine is proposed as an alternative biofluid for investigating CAIX FL% in urogenital cancers, and this parameter can be reliably measured as cfRNA and TC-RNA with different predictive capabilities depending on tumor type.
循环肿瘤细胞和游离核酸是液体活检中用于非侵入性且经济高效的癌症检测的新型诊断、预后和预测工具。碳酸酐酶IX（CAIX）已被提议作为泌尿生殖系统肿瘤和尿沉渣中的生物标志物。我们的目的是评估尿游离RNA（cfRNA）中的CAIX全长百分比（CAIX FL%）及其与肿瘤细胞相关RNA（TC-RNA）的关系。通过逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）对前列腺癌、肾癌或膀胱癌患者的CAIX FL%进行定量。当分析cfRNA和TC-RNA时，癌症患者尿样中的CAIX FL%显著高于对照组。对于所有泌尿生殖系统癌症，以10%作为CAIX FL%的临界值时，TC-RNA的特异性、敏感性、阳性和阴性预测值以及准确性均高于cfRNA，但因肿瘤类型而异。对照组和肿瘤样本中TC-RNA的CAIX FL%分布差异显著（<0.001）（分别为37.5%和96.2%）；每种肿瘤类型均得到类似结果。此外，10%的临界值显示TC-RNA和cfRNA之间的一致性为77.9%。总之，尿液被提议作为研究泌尿生殖系统癌症中CAIX FL%的替代生物流体，并且该参数可以作为cfRNA和TC-RNA可靠地测量，其预测能力因肿瘤类型而异。
