Andrzejewski Denise, Oberleiter Sandra, Vetter Marco, Pietschnig Jakob
Department of Development and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Dubai P.O. Box 38103, United Arab Emirates.
J Intell. 2024 Dec 23;12(12):130. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence12120130.
After almost a century of global generational IQ test score gains, the Flynn effect has, in the past decades, been observed to show stagnation and reversals in several countries. Tentative evidence from academic achievement data has suggested that these trajectory changes may be rooted in a decreasing strength of the positive manifold of intelligence due to increasing ability differentiation and specialization in the general population. Here, we provide direct evidence for generational IQ test score and positive manifold strength changes based on IQ test standardization data from 1392 Austrian residents between 2005 and 2018. Our analyses revealed positive Flynn effects across all domains of the IQ test (Cohen's d from 0.21 to 0.91) but a trend toward decreasing strength in the positive manifold of intelligence ( from .908 to .892), though these changes were not statistically significant. Our results are consistent with the idea that increasingly inconsistent Flynn effect trajectories may be attributed to increasing ability differentiation and specialization in the general population over time.
在全球代际智商测试分数持续增长近一个世纪之后，在过去几十年里，人们观察到弗林效应在几个国家出现了停滞和逆转。来自学业成绩数据的初步证据表明，这些轨迹变化可能源于由于普通人群中能力分化和专业化程度的提高，智力正向多样性的强度在下降。在此，我们基于2005年至2018年间1392名奥地利居民的智商测试标准化数据，为代际智商测试分数和正向多样性强度变化提供了直接证据。我们的分析揭示了智商测试所有领域的正向弗林效应（科恩d值从0.21到0.91），但智力正向多样性强度有下降趋势（从0.908降至0.892），不过这些变化在统计学上并不显著。我们的结果与这样一种观点一致，即随着时间的推移，弗林效应轨迹越来越不一致可能归因于普通人群中能力分化和专业化程度的提高。
