四十年间和三个韦氏智力量表版本中，基于遗传信息的弗林效应多层次分析。
Genetically informed, multilevel analysis of the Flynn Effect across four decades and three WISC versions.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
出版信息
Child Dev. 2022 Jan;93(1):e47-e58. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13675. Epub 2021 Nov 11.
This study investigated the systematic rise in cognitive ability scores over generations, known as the Flynn Effect, across middle childhood and early adolescence (7-15 years; 291 monozygotic pairs, 298 dizygotic pairs; 89% White). Leveraging the unique structure of the Louisville Twin Study (longitudinal data collected continuously from 1957 to 1999 using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children [WISC], WISC-R, and WISC-III ed.), multilevel analyses revealed between-subjects Flynn Effects-as both decrease in mean scores upon test re-standardization and increase in mean scores across cohorts-as well as within-child Flynn Effects on cognitive growth across age. Overall gains equaled approximately three IQ points per decade. Novel genetically informed analyses suggested that individual sensitivity to the Flynn Effect was moderated by an interplay of genetic and environmental factors.
本研究调查了认知能力在代际间的系统性提高，即弗林效应，跨越了儿童中期和青春期早期（7-15 岁；291 对同卵双胞胎，298 对异卵双胞胎；89%为白人）。利用路易斯维尔双胞胎研究（从 1957 年到 1999 年连续收集的纵向数据，使用韦氏儿童智力量表[WISC]、WISC-R 和 WISC-III 版）的独特结构，多层次分析揭示了个体间的弗林效应——表现在测试重新标准化时平均分数的下降和各队列平均分数的上升——以及个体在年龄增长过程中的认知发展的内部弗林效应。总体增益相当于每十年大约三个智商点。新颖的遗传信息分析表明，个体对弗林效应的敏感性受到遗传和环境因素相互作用的调节。
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