Lizcano-Álvarez Ángel, Carretero-Julián Laura, Talavera-Sáez Ana, Alameda-Cuesta Almudena, Rodríguez-Vázquez Rocío, Cristobal-Zárate Beatriz, Cid-Expósito María-Gema
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Stomatology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain.
Nursing Research Group Cardiovascular Care, Madrid Society of Family and Community Nursing (SEMAP), 28007 Madrid, Spain.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2024 Dec 19;11(12):407. doi: 10.3390/jcdd11120407.
Following a coronary ischaemic event, it is essential to promote empowerment in self-care decision making. Primary care nursing is crucial for intensive follow-up to promote adherence to the therapeutic regimen. Objective: To ascertain whether adherence to a protocolised follow-up programme, with the support of a patient notebook, improves compliance behaviours in terms of physical activity, prescribed diet and medication. This is a quasi-experimental multicentre pre/post study. Population: Individuals aged 40-70 years, diagnosed with cardiac ischaemia in the last 18 months with a follow-up from March 2017 to January 2019, were included in a protocolised follow-up programme consisting of 11 visits over 12 months. A total of 194 patients started the programme and 132 completed it. Of these, 67.4% exhibited good adherence to follow-up, 31.8% exhibited medium adherence, and 0.8% exhibited poor adherence. Therefore, the patients were recoded into two variables: Medium-Low Adherence and High. The Nursing Outcomes Classification variables were significantly different between the Poor-Medium and Good Adherence groups and were always higher in the Good Adherence group (-values < 0.05 t-student). There was a significant relationship between level of adherence and compliance behaviour. Good adherence to a follow-up plan led by primary care nurses improves compliance behaviours in terms of prescribed diet, physical activity, and medication. Early, intensive and protocolised follow-up by primary care nurses is essential to improve adherence to the therapeutic regimen and compliance behaviour among individuals with cardiac ischaemia. The use of a cardiovascular self-care notebook promotes adherence.
在发生冠状动脉缺血事件后，促进自我护理决策的自主性至关重要。初级护理对于强化随访以促进对治疗方案的依从性至关重要。目的：确定在患者手册的支持下，遵循标准化随访计划是否能改善身体活动、规定饮食和用药方面的依从行为。这是一项多中心的准实验性前后对照研究。研究对象：年龄在40至70岁之间，在过去18个月内被诊断为心脏缺血且在2017年3月至2019年1月期间接受随访的个体，被纳入一个为期12个月、包含11次访视的标准化随访计划。共有194名患者开始该计划，132名患者完成了计划。其中，67.4%表现出对随访的良好依从性，31.8%表现出中等依从性，0.8%表现出较差依从性。因此，将患者重新编码为两个变量：中低依从性和高依从性。护理结果分类变量在依从性差-中等组和良好依从组之间存在显著差异，且在良好依从组中总是更高（t检验值<0.05）。依从水平与依从行为之间存在显著关系。由初级护理护士主导的随访计划的良好依从性可改善规定饮食、身体活动和用药方面的依从行为。初级护理护士进行早期、强化和标准化的随访对于提高心脏缺血患者对治疗方案的依从性和依从行为至关重要。使用心血管自我护理手册可促进依从性。
