Reaction rates of creatine kinase and ATP synthesis in the isolated rat heart. A 31P NMR magnetization transfer study.

The NMR technique of magnetization transfer can be used to define intracellular reaction kinetics. In order to determine the relationship between ATP synthesis and flux through the creatine kinase reaction in the intact heart, we used this technique to measure flux through the creatine kinase reaction in the isolated, isovolumic rat heart at five levels of cardiac performance and oxygen consumption. The unidirectional reaction rate constants (s-1) calculated from a two-site exchange model for both the forward and reverse creatine kinase reactions increased with cardiac performance and oxygen consumption. As the rate-pressure product varied from 0 to 44.7 X 10(3) mm Hg/min and oxygen consumption rose from 5.9 to 45.8 mumol of O2/g dry weight/min, kforward increased from 0.27 to 1.30 and kreverse increased from 0.31 to 1.14. The relationship between creatine kinase flux and oxygen consumption, and thus ATP synthesis, took the form of the Michaelis-Menten equation. Rates of ATP synthesis estimated from magnetization transfer were similar to values calculated from oxygen consumption. The longitudinal relaxation time of creatine phosphate (2.06 s), the gamma-phosphorus atom of ATP (0.75 s), and inorganic phosphate (0.81 s) did not change with cardiac performance. These results show that myocardial energy transfer via the creatine kinase reaction is closely coupled to energy production.