Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
BMC Med Imaging. 2021 Nov 8;21(1):164. doi: 10.1186/s12880-021-00695-0.
The role of inflammation in cardiovascular pathophysiology has gained a lot of research interest in recent years. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance has been a powerful tool in the non-invasive assessment of inflammation in several conditions. More recently, Ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide have been successfully used to evaluate macrophage activity and subsequently inflammation on a cellular level. Current evidence from research studies provides encouraging data and confirms that this evolving method can potentially have a huge impact on clinical practice as it can be used in the diagnosis and management of very common conditions such as coronary artery disease, ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, myocarditis and atherosclerosis. Another important emerging concept is that of myocardial energetics. With the use of phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy, myocardial energetic compromise has been proved to be an important feature in the pathophysiological process of several conditions including diabetic cardiomyopathy, inherited cardiomyopathies, valvular heart disease and cardiac transplant rejection. This unique tool is therefore being utilized to assess metabolic alterations in a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. This review systematically examines these state-of-the-art methods in detail and provides an insight into the mechanisms of action and the clinical implications of their use.
近年来，炎症在心血管病理生理学中的作用引起了广泛的研究兴趣。心血管磁共振已成为评估多种情况下炎症的非侵入性有力工具。最近，超顺磁性氧化铁的超小颗粒已成功用于评估细胞水平的巨噬细胞活性和随后的炎症。来自研究的现有证据提供了令人鼓舞的数据，并证实这种不断发展的方法有可能对临床实践产生巨大影响，因为它可用于诊断和管理非常常见的疾病，如冠状动脉疾病、缺血性和非缺血性心肌病、心肌炎和动脉粥样硬化。另一个重要的新兴概念是心肌能量学。通过磷磁共振波谱，已经证明心肌能量不足是包括糖尿病性心肌病、遗传性心肌病、瓣膜性心脏病和心脏移植排斥等多种疾病病理生理过程中的一个重要特征。因此，这种独特的工具正被用于评估广泛的心血管疾病中的代谢改变。这篇综述详细地检查了这些最先进的方法，并深入探讨了它们的作用机制及其应用的临床意义。
