Coquin Salomé, Ormeno Elena, Pasqualini Vanina, Monnier Briac, Culioli Gérald, Lecareux Caroline, Fernandez Catherine, Saunier Amélie
CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Avignon University, IRD, UMR 7263 IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France.
UMR CNRS SPE, UAR CNRS Stella Mare, Université de Corse, BP 52, 20250 Corte, France.
Metabolites. 2024 Dec 14;14(12):705. doi: 10.3390/metabo14120705.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), extensively studied in terrestrial plants with global emissions around 1 PgC yr, are also produced by marine organisms. However, benthic species, especially seagrasses, are understudied despite their global distribution (177,000-600,000 km). This study aims to examine BVOC emissions from key Mediterranean seagrass species (, , , and ) in marine and coastal lagoon environments.
BVOCs were collected using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) using divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) fibers and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
An important chemical diversity was found with a total of 92 volatile compounds (61 for , 59 for , 55 for , and 51 for ), from different biosynthetic pathways (e.g., terpenoids, benzenoids, and fatty acid derivatives) and with several types of chemical functions (e.g., alkanes, esters, aldehydes, and ketones) or heteroatoms (e.g., sulfur). No differences in chemical richness or diversity of compounds were observed between species. The four species shared 29 compounds enabling us to establish a specific chemical footprint for Mediterranean marine plants, including compounds like benzaldehyde, benzeneacetaldehyde, 8-heptadecene, heneicosane, heptadecane, nonadecane, octadecane, pentadecane, tetradecane, and tridecanal. PLS-DA and Heatmap show that the four species presented significantly different chemical profiles. The major compounds per species in relative abundance were isopropyl myristate for (25.6%), DMS for (39.3%), pentadecane for (42.9%), and heptadecane for (46%).
These results highlight the potential of BVOCs' emission from seagrass ecosystems and reveal species-specific chemical markers.
背景/目的：生物源挥发性有机化合物（BVOCs）在陆地植物中得到了广泛研究，全球排放量约为每年1PgC，海洋生物也会产生BVOCs。然而，尽管底栖物种，特别是海草分布于全球范围（177,000 - 600,000平方千米），但对其研究较少。本研究旨在检测地中海关键海草物种（、、、和）在海洋和沿海泻湖环境中的BVOC排放情况。
使用顶空固相微萃取（HS - SPME）技术，采用二乙烯基苯/碳分子筛/聚二甲基硅氧烷（DVB/CAR/PDMS）纤维收集BVOCs，并通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）进行分析。
发现了重要的化学多样性，共有92种挥发性化合物（为61种，为59种，为55种，为51种），来自不同的生物合成途径（如萜类、苯类和脂肪酸衍生物），具有多种化学功能类型（如烷烃、酯类、醛类和酮类）或杂原子（如硫）。各物种之间未观察到化合物化学丰富度或多样性的差异。这四个物种共有29种化合物，使我们能够为地中海海洋植物建立特定的化学特征图谱，包括苯甲醛、苯乙醛、8 - 十七碳烯、二十一烷、十七烷、十九烷、十八烷、十五烷、十四烷和十三醛等化合物。偏最小二乘法判别分析（PLS - DA）和热图显示，这四个物种呈现出显著不同的化学图谱。各物种相对丰度最高的主要化合物分别为肉豆蔻酸异丙酯（占25.6%）、二甲基硫醚（占39.3%）、十五烷（占42.9%）和十七烷（占46%）。
这些结果突出了海草生态系统中BVOC排放的潜力，并揭示了物种特异性化学标志物。
