Farre Michael, Rattenborg Erik, Hogeveen Henk, Krömker Volker, Kirkeby Carsten Thure
SEGES Innovation, Agro Food Park 15, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
Business Economics Group, Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6706 KN Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Vet Sci. 2024 Dec 13;11(12):646. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11120646.
For decades, bovine mastitis and milk quality have been a focus area for research, agricultural extension, and dairy processors worldwide, yet employee management as a factor in udder health management has received limited attention. This is mainly because the focus has previously been on more classical areas covered by the National Mastitis Council Mastitis Control Program (NMC 10-point plan) in English-speaking countries. Therefore, we wanted more background information on employee management on dairy farms, to identify the human factor of udder health management. The method of investigating employee management and the impact of employee management on udder health was conducting a study of 88 Danish dairy farms with hired employees and parlor or rotary milking systems. An interview-based questionnaire on individual dairy farmers' human resource management was developed based on the current literature and multiple discussions among the authors. The results we found through analyzing associations between the dependent variable BTSCC and employee management, using a regression model, was that providing a generic SOP was associated with a 21,600 cells/mL increase in BTSCC, with estimates in the range (507; 42,674 cells/mL). We also analyzed, applying a Poisson model, that there was a 0.16% reduction in new infection risk if the training was based on a herd-specific SOP and educated employees. In contrast, we identified a 0.15% increase in new infection risk in herds where SOPs were available but not incorporated, both modest but significant results. In conclusion, farms with educated employees and trained by an SOP achieve the lowest new infection risk, but education has no impact on BTSCC.
几十年来，奶牛乳腺炎和牛奶质量一直是全球研究、农业推广及乳制品加工企业关注的重点领域，但作为乳房健康管理因素之一的员工管理却受到的关注有限。这主要是因为此前的重点一直放在英语国家国家乳腺炎委员会乳腺炎控制计划（NMC十点计划）所涵盖的更为传统的领域。因此，我们想要获取更多关于奶牛场员工管理的背景信息，以确定乳房健康管理中的人为因素。调查员工管理以及员工管理对乳房健康影响的方法是，对88个采用雇工且配备 parlour 或转盘式挤奶系统的丹麦奶牛场进行研究。基于现有文献以及作者之间的多次讨论，制定了一份针对个体奶农人力资源管理的访谈式问卷。我们通过使用回归模型分析因变量体细胞计数（BTSCC）与员工管理之间的关联发现，提供通用标准操作规程（SOP）与BTSCC每毫升增加21,600个细胞相关，估计范围为（507；42,674个细胞/毫升）。我们还应用泊松模型分析得出，如果培训基于特定牛群的SOP并对员工进行教育，新感染风险会降低0.16%。相比之下，我们发现，在有SOP但未实施的牛群中，新感染风险增加了0.15%，两者虽增幅不大但结果显著。总之，员工受过教育且接受SOP培训的农场新感染风险最低，但教育对BTSCC没有影响。
