Simpson A E, Stevenson-Hinde J
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1985 Jan;26(1):43-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1985.tb01627.x.
Mothers interviewed in their homes provided information concerning their child's temperamental characteristics, mild behaviour problems and family interactions. The characteristics active, shy (approach/withdrawal; not settling in) and moody/intense were consistent from 42 to 50 months of age for both sexes. No simple sex differences appeared in these three characteristics. There was little evidence for an association between active and either mild behaviour problems or family interactions. For both girls and boys, moody/intense scores were associated with mild behaviour problems and 'negative' family interactions. However, while shy scores of boys were associated with negative family interactions, shy scores of girls were associated with positive interactions, especially at the later age of 50 months.
研究人员在母亲家中对她们进行访谈，收集了有关其孩子气质特征、轻微行为问题和家庭互动的信息。活跃、害羞（接近/回避；难以适应新环境）和喜怒无常/情绪强烈等特征在42至50个月大的两性儿童中表现一致。在这三个特征上未出现明显的性别差异。几乎没有证据表明活跃这一特征与轻微行为问题或家庭互动之间存在关联。对于女孩和男孩来说，喜怒无常/情绪强烈得分与轻微行为问题和“消极”家庭互动相关。然而，虽然男孩的害羞得分与消极家庭互动相关，但女孩的害羞得分与积极互动相关，尤其是在50个月大这个较晚年龄段。
