Hinde R A, Easton D F, Meller R E, Tamplin A M
Ciba Found Symp. 1982;89:66-86. doi: 10.1002/9780470720714.ch5.
Comparisons are presented between the temperamental characteristics of preschool-age children from two-child families and aspects of mother-child interaction observed in the home. The data were collected when the children were 42 months old (n = 45) and 50 months old (n = 37). Although few behavioural items were directly relevant to temperament, several temperamental characteristics (Moody, Intense, Shy, Assertive) had behavioural correlates of a type that might be expected. Active and Irregular also showed meaningful patterns of correlations. Unmalleable, Dependent and Attention span did not. However, although there were no sex differences in the ratings of temperamental characteristics, the correlations between particular characteristics and behavioural items sometimes differed markedly between boys and girls, and also between firstborns and secondborns. Thus comparisons between temperamental characteristics and the behavioural data involving the whole sample were sometimes less revealing than those concerning each sex or sibling-status group separately.
本文对来自二孩家庭的学龄前儿童的气质特征与在家中观察到的母子互动方面进行了比较。数据收集于儿童42个月大时（n = 45）和50个月大时（n = 37）。尽管很少有行为项目与气质直接相关，但一些气质特征（喜怒无常、强烈、害羞、自信）具有可能预期的行为相关性。活跃和不规律也显示出有意义的相关模式。不可改变、依赖和注意力持续时间则没有。然而，尽管在气质特征评分上没有性别差异，但特定特征与行为项目之间的相关性在男孩和女孩之间，以及头胎和二胎之间有时存在显著差异。因此，气质特征与涉及整个样本的行为数据之间的比较有时不如分别针对每个性别或兄弟姐妹身份组的比较那么有启发性。
