Fiedor David, Charvát Miroslav, Kovařík Filip, Frajer Jindřich, Aigelová Eva, Šerý Miloslav
Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
J Gambl Stud. 2025 Jun;41(2):821-839. doi: 10.1007/s10899-024-10370-y. Epub 2024 Dec 28.
Gambling encompasses a wide variety of activities, and the structural characteristics of each form contribute to its potential risk. However, the literature does not fully agree on the risk levels of certain gambling forms. In this study, we classify less risky gambling forms (soft forms) based on public perceptions of their riskiness. We examine the link between gambling experience and problem gambling prevalence. A survey was conducted in a model region of the Czech Republic, a post-socialist country with high gambling availability, with N = 2,498 respondents. A typology of gambling forms (lotteries, betting, and casino games) was created based on perceived risk similarities. Lotteries are the most frequently played gambling form, with 86.3% reporting lifetime participation. Among those who exclusively engage in lottery-type forms, 15 percentage points more women than men participated in the last year, and the gap widens to 31 points over a lifetime. Forms of gambling perceived as more risky show a lower proportion of non-problem gamblers, both for recent and lifetime participation. Furthermore, individuals who gambled within the past month or year are at higher risk of developing gambling problems compared to those whose gambling experiences were less recent.
赌博涵盖了各种各样的活动，每种形式的结构特征都增加了其潜在风险。然而，对于某些赌博形式的风险程度，文献并未完全达成一致。在本研究中，我们根据公众对其风险的认知，对风险较低的赌博形式（温和形式）进行分类。我们研究了赌博经历与问题赌博患病率之间的联系。在捷克共和国的一个典型地区进行了一项调查，该国是一个后社会主义国家，赌博活动很普遍，共有N = 2498名受访者。基于感知到的风险相似性，创建了一种赌博形式类型（彩票、博彩和赌场游戏）。彩票是最常参与的赌博形式，86.3%的受访者表示有过终生参与经历。在那些只参与彩票类形式的人中，去年参与的女性比男性多15个百分点，终生参与的差距扩大到31个百分点。被认为风险更高的赌博形式，无论是近期还是终生参与，非问题赌徒的比例都较低。此外，与赌博经历不那么近的人相比，在过去一个月或一年里赌博的人出现赌博问题的风险更高。
