Grant K W, Ardell L H, Kuhl P K, Sparks D W
J Acoust Soc Am. 1985 Feb;77(2):671-7. doi: 10.1121/1.392335.
The ability to combine speechreading (i.e., lipreading) with prosodic information extracted from the low-frequency regions of speech was evaluated with three normally hearing subjects. The subjects were tested in a connected discourse tracking procedure which measures the rate at which spoken text can be repeated back without any errors. Receptive conditions included speechreading alone (SA), speechreading plus amplitude envelope cues (AM), speechreading plus fundamental frequency cues (FM), and speechreading plus intensity-modulated fundamental frequency cues (AM + FM). In a second experiment, one subject was further tested in a speechreading plus voicing duration cue condition (DUR). Speechreading performance was best in the AM + FM condition (83.6 words per minute,) and worst in the SA condition (41.1 words per minute). Tracking levels in the AM, FM, and DUR conditions were 73.7, 73.6, and 65.4 words per minute, respectively. The average tracking rate obtained when subjects were allowed to listen to the talker's normal (unfiltered) speech (NS condition) was 108.3 words per minute. These results demonstrate that speechreaders can use information related to the rhythm, stress, and intonation patterns of speech to improve their speechreading performance.
对三名听力正常的受试者评估了将言语阅读（即唇读）与从语音低频区域提取的韵律信息相结合的能力。受试者在连贯语篇跟踪程序中接受测试，该程序测量能够毫无错误地复述口语文本的速度。接受条件包括单独言语阅读（SA）、言语阅读加幅度包络线索（AM）、言语阅读加基频线索（FM）以及言语阅读加强度调制基频线索（AM + FM）。在第二个实验中，一名受试者在言语阅读加浊音持续时间线索条件（DUR）下进一步接受测试。言语阅读表现在AM + FM条件下最佳（每分钟83.6个单词），在SA条件下最差（每分钟41.1个单词）。AM、FM和DUR条件下的跟踪水平分别为每分钟73.7、73.6和65.4个单词。当受试者被允许聆听说话者的正常（未滤波）语音时（NS条件）获得的平均跟踪速率为每分钟108.3个单词。这些结果表明，言语阅读者可以利用与语音的节奏、重音和语调模式相关的信息来提高他们的言语阅读表现。
