Stener-Victorin Elisabet, Deng Qiaolin
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2025 May;36(5):472-481. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.12.002. Epub 2024 Dec 27.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder, affecting approximately 11-13% of women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS experience a higher prevalence of infertility, pregnancy complications, and cardiometabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, psychiatric comorbidities, including depression and anxiety, significantly impact the quality of life in this population. Although obesity exacerbates these health risks, the exact etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS remain complex and only partially understood. Emerging research suggests potential transgenerational inheritance through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, highlighting the possibility of PCOS-related risks affecting subsequent generations, including sons. This review synthesizes recent findings on PCOS inheritance patterns and underscores areas for future clinical and research exploration.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种常见的内分泌和代谢紊乱疾病，影响着约11%至13%的育龄妇女。患有PCOS的女性不孕、妊娠并发症以及肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病等心血管代谢紊乱疾病的患病率更高。此外，包括抑郁症和焦虑症在内的精神疾病合并症对该人群的生活质量有显著影响。虽然肥胖会加剧这些健康风险，但PCOS的确切病因和病理生理学仍然复杂，仅部分为人所知。新兴研究表明，可能通过遗传和表观遗传机制进行跨代遗传，这凸显了PCOS相关风险影响后代（包括儿子）的可能性。本综述综合了PCOS遗传模式的最新研究结果，并强调了未来临床和研究探索的领域。
