Yan Shuhan, Geng Zihan, Zhang Jie, Liu Huahua, Chen Zhifang, Shi Yaqin, Zhang Feng
School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, No.19 Qixiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China.
Health School attached to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Dec 28;24(1):1046. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05648-0.
Dementia is undiagnosed among many older adults, and more than half the people in local communities live with symptoms of dementia are not properly treated.
The study aims to explore the relationship between decline of daily activities and the incidence of suspected dementia.
A two-stage sampling method was used to conduct a multicenter cross-sectional survey. Older adults who have not been diagnosed as dementia were recruited from the local community. The Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-R) was used to evaluate the cognitive function. We evaluated daily activities from several aspects (bathing, dressing, toileting, grooming, feeding, transportation, walking, telephone, housekeeping, and taking medications). Logistic regression was adopted to assess the influence of daily activities on the risk of suspected dementia after controlling for the covariates.
The analysis included 2458 individuals. Daily activities included toileting (OR = 1.830, 95%CI 1.581 ~ 2.119), grooming (OR = 1.938, 95%CI 1.659 ~ 2.265), dressing (OR = 1.771, 95%CI 1.542 ~ 2.033), bathing (OR = 1.793, 95%CI 1.591 ~ 2.022), feeding (OR = 1.821, 95%CI 1.565 ~ 2.118), transportation (OR = 1.996, 95%CI 1.743 ~ 2.285), walking (OR = 2.069, 95%CI 1.685 ~ 2.542), telephone (OR = 3.640, 95%CI 2.738 ~ 4.838), housekeeping (OR = 1.415, 95%CI 1.213 ~ 1.649), and taking medications (OR = 1.633, 95%CI 1.451 ~ 1.839) were still related to the incidence of suspected dementia after controlling for age, education, post-retirement work, social activity, drinking, smoking, living with spouses, and diabetes.
Daily activities were related to the incidence of suspected dementia. Daily activities were affected even if the older adults were not diagnosed as dementia. Timely and accurate diagnosis of dementia should be encouraged among community-dwelling older adults.
许多老年人的痴呆症未被诊断出来，当地社区中超过一半有痴呆症状的人未得到妥善治疗。
本研究旨在探讨日常活动能力下降与疑似痴呆症发病率之间的关系。
采用两阶段抽样方法进行多中心横断面调查。从当地社区招募未被诊断为痴呆症的老年人。使用修订版长谷川痴呆量表（HDS-R）评估认知功能。我们从多个方面评估日常活动能力（洗澡、穿衣、如厕、梳洗、进食、出行、步行、使用电话、做家务和服药）。在控制协变量后，采用逻辑回归评估日常活动能力对疑似痴呆症风险的影响。
分析纳入2458名个体。在控制年龄、教育程度、退休后工作、社交活动、饮酒、吸烟、与配偶同住和糖尿病等因素后，日常活动能力包括如厕（比值比[OR]=1.830，95%置信区间[CI]1.581～2.119）、梳洗（OR=1.938，95%CI 1.659～2.265）、穿衣（OR=1.771，95%CI 1.542～2.033）、洗澡（OR=1.793，95%CI 1.591～2.022）、进食（OR=1.821，95%CI 1.565～2.118）、出行（OR=1.996，95%CI 1.743～2.285）、步行（OR=2.069，95%CI 1.685～2.542）、使用电话（OR=3.640，95%CI 2.738～4.838）、做家务（OR=1.415，95%CI 1.213～1.649）和服药（OR=1.633，95%CI 1.451～1.839）仍与疑似痴呆症的发病率相关。
日常活动能力与疑似痴呆症的发病率相关。即使老年人未被诊断为痴呆症，其日常活动能力也会受到影响。应鼓励对社区居住的老年人进行及时、准确的痴呆症诊断。
