Wang Yachen, Li Shuzhen, Chang Di, Liu Zhihan, Cheng Luyao, Fu Tao
Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):31250. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82643-w.
Amblyopia affects more than visual acuity. To compare the performances of visual selective attention and numerical processing in children with anisometropic amblyopia and children with normal vision, and investigate whether performance would be improved after visual acuity recovery, we performed 3 visual attention tasks (identifying number location task, numerical comparison task, and specific number comparison task) in children with anisometropic amblyopia, children who had recovered from anisometropic amblyopia, and children with normal vision in 6-8 and 9-11 years groups. The numerical processing ability, visual selective attention, and numerical distance effect were assessed by their reaction time of different tasks. The amblyopia group showed significantly worse visual selective attention than control group. However, the recovered amblyopic group showed worse visual selective attention compared to control group only in 9-11 years group. Children aged 6-8 had a greater numerical distance effect than 9-11 in control group, while there were no significant differences between different age groups in amblyopia and recovered amblyopic children. These findings suggest children with anisometropic amblyopia have not only defective visual selective attention but also different age-related patterns of numerical distance effect. Moreover, the improvement of visual selective attention after early stage of visual acuity recovery is better at younger age.
弱视不仅影响视力。为了比较屈光参差性弱视儿童和视力正常儿童的视觉选择性注意和数字处理能力，并研究视力恢复后表现是否会得到改善，我们对6 - 8岁和9 - 11岁组的屈光参差性弱视儿童、已从屈光参差性弱视中恢复的儿童以及视力正常的儿童进行了3项视觉注意任务（识别数字位置任务、数字比较任务和特定数字比较任务）。通过不同任务的反应时间来评估数字处理能力、视觉选择性注意和数字距离效应。弱视组的视觉选择性注意明显比对照组差。然而，仅在9 - 11岁组中，恢复性弱视组的视觉选择性注意比对照组差。对照组中6 - 8岁儿童的数字距离效应比9 - 11岁儿童大，而弱视儿童和恢复性弱视儿童的不同年龄组之间没有显著差异。这些发现表明，屈光参差性弱视儿童不仅存在视觉选择性注意缺陷，而且数字距离效应的年龄相关模式也不同。此外，在视力恢复早期，年龄较小的儿童视觉选择性注意的改善更好。
