Syed Wajid, Samarkandi Osama, Alanazi Abdulmajeed A, Alotaibi Nader, Al-Rawi Mahmood Basil A
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Basic Science, Prince Sultan College for Emergency Medical Services, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):31457. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83169-x.
Globally, the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasing, accounting for a third of all deaths worldwide including myocardial infarctions (MIs) which represent the most severe clinical manifestation of CAD and are among the most dangerous coronary events. Therefore, this study aims to assess the knowledge of symptoms and risk factors of MIs, as well as attitudes and beliefs regarding MIs and confidence in recognizing CAD symptoms in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between November 2023 and April 2024 to assess their knowledge and beliefs about CAD and MIs. Data collection was done using convenience sampling with pretested and validated questionnaire. Furthermore, recruiting more sample was achieved by distributing the questionnaires using the snowball technique. ANOVA and Student's t-test were used to determine the association between variables, with a p-value of < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Among respondents, approximately 65.5% were male, 27.3%, fell between the ages of 26 and 30 and 59.1% held a master's degree. In terms of marital status, the majority, 76.2%, were married. The majority (90%) stated that jaw pain was a symptom of a heart attack, followed by chest pain/pressure (85.9%), weakness/fatigue (85.8%), palpitations/rapid heart rate, and chest discomfort (83.4%). Most respondents (91.6%) were aware that smoking and obesity could increase the risk of MIs, while 85.3% believed that a family history of coronary heart disease could affect the risk of MIs. Additionally, 92.3% said they would seek medical care if they experienced chest pain within 15 min. The respondents' gender (p = 0.001), age (p = 0.004), education (p = 0.001), and marital status (p = 0.004) were significantly associated with levels of knowledge of MI. The findings showed that half of the study population had good knowledge and were well-informed about jaw and chest pain as the main symptoms of MI. Despite understanding the clinical potential of MI, the majority expressed low confidence in their ability to identify heart attack symptoms and recommended health education about the illness to provide prompt assistance.
在全球范围内，冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的患病率正在上升，在全球所有死亡病例中占三分之一，其中包括心肌梗死（MI），心肌梗死是CAD最严重的临床表现，也是最危险的冠状动脉事件之一。因此，本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯利雅得居民对心肌梗死症状和危险因素的了解，以及对心肌梗死的态度和信念，以及识别CAD症状的信心。2023年11月至2024年4月期间，在沙特阿拉伯利雅得居住的人群中进行了一项横断面研究，以评估他们对CAD和MI的知识和信念。数据收集采用便利抽样，使用经过预测试和验证的问卷。此外，通过雪球技术分发问卷来获取更多样本。使用方差分析和学生t检验来确定变量之间的关联，p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。在受访者中，约65.5%为男性，27.3%年龄在26至30岁之间，59.1%拥有硕士学位。在婚姻状况方面，大多数人（76.2%）已婚。大多数人（90%）表示下巴疼痛是心脏病发作的症状，其次是胸痛/胸闷（85.9%）、虚弱/疲劳（85.8%）、心悸/心率加快和胸部不适（83.4%）。大多数受访者（91.6%）知道吸烟和肥胖会增加心肌梗死的风险，而85.3%的人认为冠心病家族史会影响心肌梗死的风险。此外，92.3%的人表示，如果他们在15分钟内出现胸痛，会寻求医疗护理。受访者的性别（p = 0.001）、年龄（p = 0.004）、教育程度（p = 0.001）和婚姻状况（p = 0.004）与心肌梗死知识水平显著相关。研究结果表明，一半的研究人群对下巴和胸痛作为心肌梗死的主要症状有良好的了解且信息充分。尽管了解心肌梗死的临床可能性，但大多数人对自己识别心脏病发作症状的能力表示信心不足，并建议开展关于该疾病的健康教育以提供及时帮助。
