问题形式之战：使用极简短回答问题和多项选择题的检索练习比较研究
The battle of question formats: a comparative study of retrieval practice using very short answer questions and multiple choice questions.
作者信息
van Wijk Elise V, de Jonge Mario, van Blankenstein Floris M, Janse Roemer J, Langers Alexandra M J
机构信息
Center for Innovation in Medical Education, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Leiden University Graduate School of Teaching, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2024 Dec 30;24(1):1547. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-06538-0.
BACKGROUND
Retrieval practice is a highly effective learning strategy that enhances long-term retention by encouraging the active recall of information. However, the optimal question format for maximizing knowledge retention remains uncertain. In this study, we compared the effect of very short answer (VSAQ) versus multiple-choice question (MCQ) practice tests on students' knowledge retention. By analyzing these two formats, we aim to identify the most effective approach to retrieval practice, thereby helping to optimize its implementation and improve learning outcomes.
METHODS
In this randomized within-subjects study, students (n = 45) practiced with both VSAQs and MCQs in an extracurricular lifestyle course, without receiving feedback. The final retention test consisted of identical questions in both formats. A 2 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effect of question format in practice testing and final test on final test score. Additionally, digital questionnaires were used to explore students' test-taking experiences.
RESULTS
The VSAQs were answered incorrectly more frequently on the practice tests and final test. There was no main effect of practice question format on final test performance, and no interaction effect between question format on the practice and final test. Regardless of question format, most students thought the practice tests were beneficial for learning.
CONCLUSIONS
We found no evidence indicating that either MCQ or VSAQ is more effective for knowledge retention during retrieval practice. The lower initial retrieval success in the VSAQs, indicated by the higher degree of incorrect answers on the practice tests, might have limited their effectiveness during retrieval practice. To optimize the use of VSAQs in retrieval practice, it seems important to improve initial retrieval success to maximize learning outcomes.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
检索练习是一种非常有效的学习策略，通过鼓励积极回忆信息来增强长期记忆。然而，对于最大限度提高知识保留率的最佳问题形式仍不确定。在本研究中，我们比较了极短答案（VSAQ）与多项选择题（MCQ）练习测试对学生知识保留的影响。通过分析这两种形式，我们旨在确定检索练习的最有效方法，从而有助于优化其实施并提高学习成果。
方法
在这项随机的受试者内研究中，学生（n = 45）在一门课外生活方式课程中同时使用VSAQ和MCQ进行练习，未收到反馈。最终的保留测试包含两种形式的相同问题。使用2×2重复测量方差分析来确定练习测试和最终测试中问题形式对最终测试分数的影响。此外，使用数字问卷来探索学生的考试体验。
结果
在练习测试和最终测试中，VSAQ的回答错误频率更高。练习问题形式对最终测试成绩没有主效应，练习和最终测试的问题形式之间也没有交互效应。无论问题形式如何，大多数学生都认为练习测试对学习有益。
结论
我们没有发现证据表明在检索练习期间MCQ或VSAQ对知识保留更有效。练习测试中较高的错误答案率表明VSAQ较低的初始检索成功率可能限制了它们在检索练习中的有效性。为了在检索练习中优化VSAQ的使用，提高初始检索成功率以最大化学习成果似乎很重要。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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