Minhas Sana, Pandey Ravi P, Hasan Shadi W
Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology (CMAT), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Jan;373:123888. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123888. Epub 2024 Dec 29.
Water purification become more challenging day by day, due to novel anthropogenic pollutants such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) used in nonstick cookware, firefighting foams, packaging etc. PFAS has adverse effects on human health and ecosystem and their physicochemical properties and unique molecular structures make the conventional water treatment methods more challenging. Among the novel PFAS removal technologies, nanomaterials incorporated in membranes are regarded as promising membrane technology for the treatment of PFAS. This review explores the incorporation of nanomaterials in membranes for PFASs removal, examining both current applications and future prospects. Nanomaterials possessing excellent features when incorporated in membranes can enhance their properties and hence makes this technology a potential candidate for PFAS removal. In this critical review, the relationships between membrane performance and properties are studied. Challenges and limitations such as high production costs, stability of nanomaterials within membranes, non-uniform distribution of nanomaterials in membrane matrices, and potential toxicity associated with nanomaterials are identified. This analysis also underscores research gap, prompting further exploration and development such as large-scale production and commercialization of mixed matrix membrane systems, optimization of membrane fabrication techniques, and the exploration of additional 2D nanomaterials.
由于新型人为污染物的存在，水净化变得日益具有挑战性，这些污染物包括用于不粘锅、消防泡沫、包装等的全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）。PFAS对人类健康和生态系统有不利影响，其物理化学性质和独特的分子结构使传统的水处理方法面临更大挑战。在新型PFAS去除技术中，掺入纳米材料的膜被视为处理PFAS的有前景的膜技术。本综述探讨了纳米材料掺入膜中以去除PFAS的情况，研究了当前的应用和未来的前景。纳米材料掺入膜中时具有优异特性，可增强膜的性能，因此使该技术成为去除PFAS的潜在候选技术。在这篇批判性综述中，研究了膜性能与特性之间的关系。确定了诸如高生产成本、纳米材料在膜内的稳定性、纳米材料在膜基质中的分布不均匀以及与纳米材料相关的潜在毒性等挑战和局限性。该分析还强调了研究差距，促使进一步探索和开发，如混合基质膜系统的大规模生产和商业化、膜制备技术的优化以及对其他二维纳米材料的探索。
