Roser Patrik, Specka Michael, Bonnet Udo, Kuhlmann Thomas, Kühnhold Stefan, Steinert Renate, Zeiske Benita, Deimel Daniel, Scherbaum Norbert
LVR-University Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Center for Addictive Disorders, Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 16;15:1467144. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1467144. eCollection 2024.
The lockdown measures during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic could have influenced drug consumption patterns of persons with drug use disorder, especially due to a reduced availability of drugs, an increased consumption of sedating substances as a coping strategy, or a shift to novel psychotropic substances (NPS) associated with an increased drug buying in the internet. In this study, the consumption patterns of people mainly with opioid use disorder entering inpatient drug detoxification treatment were investigated in the same hospitals with the same methods before and during the pandemic.
At admission, patients were interviewed regarding their consumption patterns using the EuropASI questionnaire. In addition, changes in the routes of drug acquisition were assessed.
In five hospitals in Western Germany, 213 (2021) and 175 persons (2018) were recruited. Sociodemographic data were similar in both cohorts (mean age around 40 years, mainly male, about 50% with migrant background, high unemployment rate). Rates of use of various drugs during the last 30 days were also similar. Differences were detected for gabapentinoids and opioid analgesics (increase >5%) as well as for cannabis (decrease >5%). Current use of NPS was low in both surveys. Only a minority of patients had experiences with drug acquisition in the internet.
The pandemic had only a minor influence on consumption patterns and routes of drug acquisition in this sample. It remains to be seen whether the increased use of gabapentinoids and opioid analgesics will continue despite the end of the pandemic.
2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的封锁措施可能影响了药物使用障碍患者的药物消费模式，特别是由于药物供应减少、作为应对策略的镇静物质消费增加，或转向与互联网上药物购买增加相关的新型精神活性物质（NPS）。在本研究中，采用相同方法，对大流行之前和期间，在同一些医院接受住院药物脱毒治疗的主要患有阿片类药物使用障碍的人群的消费模式进行了调查。
入院时，使用欧洲药物滥用筛查指数（EuropASI）问卷对患者的消费模式进行访谈。此外，还评估了药物获取途径的变化。
在德国西部的五家医院，招募了213名患者（2021年）和175名患者（2018年）。两个队列的社会人口统计学数据相似（平均年龄约40岁，主要为男性，约50%有移民背景，失业率高）。过去30天内各种药物的使用率也相似。检测到加巴喷丁类药物和阿片类镇痛药有差异（增加>5%），大麻有差异（减少>5%）。两项调查中NPS的当前使用率都很低。只有少数患者有过在互联网上购买药物的经历。
在这个样本中，大流行对消费模式和药物获取途径的影响很小。尽管大流行已经结束，但加巴喷丁类药物和阿片类镇痛药的使用增加是否会持续，仍有待观察。
