Xu Siwei, Yan Kaixin, Jiang Linli, Chang Xinnan, Li Hui, Liu Lei
State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Oral Dis. 2024 Dec 31. doi: 10.1111/odi.15238.
The treatment procedure for intracapsular condylar fractures (ICF) is still being debated. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc is a key factor for treating ICF. The study aims to investigate the changes in TMJ disc status and condylar cartilage regeneration following ICF in a rabbit model, to assist in planning treatment.
Adolescent and adult rabbits received surgery on the left TMJs: (1) ICF with anterior disc displacement, (2) ICF with the removal of the ICF segment and disc. The animals were euthanized immediately, and at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Their left TMJs were collected for histological, SOX 9 immunohistochemical, and micro-CT analyses.
All 36 TMJs (100%) showed anterior disc displacement at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Also, condylar cartilage regeneration was observed in all 36 joints. Notably, partial regeneration of condylar cartilage was noted at 4 weeks after removal of the disc and ICF fractured segment in both adolescent and adult groups.
Anterior displaced disc after ICF in adolescent and adult rabbits exhibited sustained disc displacement without therapeutic intervention. TMJ disc and associated attachment are crucial in the condylar cartilage regeneration after ICF.
髁突囊内骨折（ICF）的治疗方法仍存在争议。颞下颌关节（TMJ）盘是治疗ICF的关键因素。本研究旨在探讨兔模型中ICF后TMJ盘状态的变化以及髁突软骨再生情况，以辅助治疗方案的制定。
对青春期和成年兔的左侧TMJ进行手术：（1）ICF伴盘前移位；（2）ICF伴ICF骨折段及盘切除。动物分别在术后即刻、4周、8周和12周处死。收集其左侧TMJ进行组织学、SOX 9免疫组织化学和显微CT分析。
所有36个TMJ（100%）在术后4周、8周和12周均显示盘前移位。此外，所有3个关节均观察到髁突软骨再生。值得注意的是，在青春期和成年组中，切除盘和ICF骨折段后4周时均观察到髁突软骨部分再生。
青春期和成年兔ICF后盘前移位在无治疗干预的情况下持续存在。TMJ盘及其相关附着在ICF后髁突软骨再生中起关键作用。
