Ohori-Morita Yumi, Ashry Amal, Niibe Kunimichi, Egusa Hiroshi
Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Center for Advanced Stem Cell and Regenerative Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Stem Cells Transl Med. 2025 Mar 18;14(3). doi: 10.1093/stcltm/szae093.
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for regenerative medicine owing to their self-renewal properties, multilineage differentiation, immunomodulatory effects, and angiogenic potential. MSC spheroids fabricated by 3D culture have recently shown enhanced therapeutic potential. MSC spheroids create a specialized niche with tight cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, optimizing their cellular function by mimicking the in vivo environment. Methods for 3D cultivation of MSCs can be classified into 2 main forms: static suspension culture and dynamic suspension culture. Numerous studies have reported the beneficial influence of these methods on MSCs, which is displayed by increased differentiation, angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and anti-apoptotic effects, and stemness of MSC spheroids. Particularly, recent studies highlighted the benefits of dynamic suspension cultures of the MSC spheroids in terms of faster and more compact spheroid formation and the long-term maintenance of stemness properties. However, only a few studies have compared the behavior of MSC spheroids formed using static and dynamic suspension cultures, considering the significant differences between their culture conditions. This review summarizes the differences between static and dynamic suspension culture methods and discusses the biological outcomes of MSC spheroids reported in the literature. In particular, we highlight the advantages of the dynamic suspension culture of MSC spheroids and contemplate its future applications for various diseases.
间充质基质/干细胞（MSCs）因其自我更新特性、多向分化能力、免疫调节作用和血管生成潜力，成为再生医学中颇具前景的候选细胞。最近，通过三维培养制备的MSC球状体显示出更强的治疗潜力。MSC球状体通过紧密的细胞间和细胞与细胞外基质相互作用形成特殊的微环境，通过模拟体内环境优化其细胞功能。MSCs的三维培养方法主要可分为两种形式：静态悬浮培养和动态悬浮培养。许多研究报道了这些方法对MSCs的有益影响，表现为MSCs球状体的分化、血管生成、免疫调节和抗凋亡作用增强以及干性维持。特别是，最近的研究强调了MSC球状体动态悬浮培养在更快、更紧密地形成球状体以及长期维持干性方面的优势。然而，考虑到静态和动态悬浮培养条件的显著差异，只有少数研究比较了使用这两种方法形成的MSC球状体的行为。本综述总结了静态和动态悬浮培养方法之间的差异，并讨论了文献中报道的MSC球状体的生物学结果。特别是，我们强调了MSC球状体动态悬浮培养的优势，并展望了其在各种疾病中的未来应用。
