Ecklu-Mensah Gertrude, Miller Rachel, Maseng Maria Gjerstad, Hawes Vienna, Hinz Denise, Kim Cheryl, Gilbert Jack A
Department of Pediatrics and Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, Rady's Children Hospital, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 30;14(1):31647. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80281-w.
Fermented foods are becoming more popular due to their purported links to metabolic health and the gut microbiome. However, direct clinical evidence for the health claims is lacking. Here, we describe an eight-week clinical trial that explored the effects of a four-week kombucha supplement in healthy individuals consuming a Western diet, randomized into the kombucha (n = 16) or control (n = 8) group. We collected longitudinal stool and blood samples to profile the human microbiome and inflammation markers. We did not observe significant changes in either biochemical parameters or levels of circulating markers of inflammation across the entire cohort. However, paired analysis between baseline and end of intervention time points within kombucha or control groups revealed increases in fasting insulin and in HOMA-IR in the kombucha group whereas reductions in HDL cholesterol were associated with the control group. Shotgun metagenomic analysis revealed the relative abundance of Weizmannia, a kombucha-enriched probiotic and several SCFA producing taxa to be overrepresented in consumers at the end of the intervention. Collectively, in our healthy cohort consuming a Western diet, a short-term kombucha intervention induced modest impacts on human gut microbiome composition and biochemical parameters, which may be attributed to relatively small number of participants and the extensive inter-participant variability.
发酵食品因其与代谢健康和肠道微生物群的所谓联系而越来越受欢迎。然而，缺乏关于这些健康宣称的直接临床证据。在此，我们描述了一项为期八周的临床试验，该试验探究了在食用西方饮食的健康个体中，为期四周的康普茶补充剂的效果，这些个体被随机分为康普茶组（n = 16）或对照组（n = 8）。我们收集了纵向的粪便和血液样本，以分析人类微生物群和炎症标志物。在整个队列中，我们未观察到生化参数或循环炎症标志物水平有显著变化。然而，对康普茶组或对照组内基线与干预结束时间点进行配对分析发现，康普茶组的空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR增加，而对照组则与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低有关。鸟枪法宏基因组分析显示，在干预结束时，魏斯氏菌属（一种康普茶中富含的益生菌）以及几种产生短链脂肪酸的分类群在消费者中的相对丰度过高。总体而言，在我们食用西方饮食的健康队列中，短期的康普茶干预对人类肠道微生物群组成和生化参数产生了适度影响，这可能归因于参与者数量相对较少以及参与者之间存在广泛的变异性。
