Walsh Liam H, Walsh Aaron M, Garcia-Perez Isabel, Crispie Fiona, Costabile Adele, Ellis Richard, Finlayson Jim, Finnegan Laura A, Claesson Marcus J, Holmes Elaine, Cotter Paul D
Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co, Cork, Ireland.
School of Microbiology Department, University College Cork, Co, Cork, Ireland.
NPJ Sci Food. 2023 Aug 16;7(1):41. doi: 10.1038/s41538-023-00216-z.
It has been established that the human gut microbiota is central to health, and, consequently, there has been a growing desire to positively modulate its composition and/or function through, for example, the use of fermented foods, prebiotics or probiotics. Here, we compare the relative impact of the daily consumption of an inulin-enriched diet (n = 10), a commercial probiotic-containing fermented milk product (FMP) (n = 10), or a traditional kefir FMP (n = 9), over a 28-day period on the gut microbiome and urine metabolome of healthy human adults. None of the treatments resulted in significant changes to clinical parameters or biomarkers tested. However, shotgun metagenomic analysis revealed that kefir consumption resulted in a significant change in taxonomy, in the form of an increased abundance of the sub-dominant FMP-associated species Lactococcus raffinolactis, which further corresponded to shifts in the urine metabolome. Overall, our results indicated that daily consumption of a single portion of kefir alone resulted in detectable changes to the gut microbiota and metabolome of consumers.
已证实人类肠道微生物群对健康至关重要，因此，人们越来越希望通过使用发酵食品、益生元或益生菌等方式对其组成和/或功能进行正向调节。在此，我们比较了在28天内，每天食用富含菊粉的饮食（n = 10）、含有商业益生菌的发酵奶制品（FMP）（n = 10）或传统开菲尔FMP（n = 9）对健康成年人肠道微生物组和尿液代谢组的相对影响。所有处理均未导致所测临床参数或生物标志物发生显著变化。然而，鸟枪法宏基因组分析显示，食用开菲尔导致了分类学上的显著变化，表现为与FMP相关的次优势菌种棉籽糖乳球菌的丰度增加，这进一步对应于尿液代谢组的变化。总体而言，我们的结果表明，每天仅食用一份开菲尔就会导致消费者肠道微生物群和代谢组发生可检测到的变化。
