Fogaça Ana Laura, Chaves Ana Vitória Lanzoni, de Lima Maria Carolina, Carreira Natalia Posses, Sartorelli Daniela Saes
Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brasil.
Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049-900, Brasil.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2025 May;79(5):460-466. doi: 10.1038/s41430-024-01561-2. Epub 2024 Dec 31.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Studies suggest that greater maternal adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet reduces the risk of both maternal and fetal adverse health outcomes. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between adherence to the DASH diet during pregnancy and the classification of birth weight according to gestational age.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of 601 mother and child pairs who attended primary healthcare in a Brazilian municipality. Dietary intake was estimated based on 24 h recall and a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Data on gestational duration, birth weight, and newborn sex were obtained from the Live Birth Information System. The relationship between adherence to the DASH diet and birth weight categories was investigated using logistic regression models adjusted for confounding factors.
In total, 10.3% of newborns were classified as small for gestational age (SGA), and 13.3% as large for gestational age (LGA). There was low adherence to the healthy components of the DASH diet. However, it was observed that pregnant women classified in the third tertile of the DASH diet score had a lower chance of having LGA newborns [OR 0.51 (95% CI 0.28; 0.94), p = 0.03]. There was no association between adherence to the DASH diet and SGA newborns [OR 0.87 (95% CI 0.42; 1.84), p = 0.65].
Despite the low adherence to the DASH diet between Brazilian pregnant women, higher adherence scores in its components had a lower chance of having LGA newborns.
背景/目的：研究表明，母亲更严格地遵循终止高血压膳食方法（DASH）饮食可降低母婴不良健康结局的风险。本研究旨在评估孕期坚持DASH饮食与根据胎龄划分的出生体重分类之间的关系。
对象/方法：对巴西一个城市601对母婴的前瞻性队列进行二次分析。根据24小时回忆法和食物频率问卷估计饮食摄入量。从活产信息系统获取孕周、出生体重和新生儿性别的数据。使用针对混杂因素进行调整的逻辑回归模型研究坚持DASH饮食与出生体重类别之间的关系。
总共10.3%的新生儿被分类为小于胎龄儿（SGA），13.3%为大于胎龄儿（LGA）。对DASH饮食健康成分的依从性较低。然而，观察到DASH饮食评分处于第三个三分位数的孕妇生出LGA新生儿的几率较低[比值比（OR）0.51（95%置信区间0.28；0.94），p = 0.03]。坚持DASH饮食与SGA新生儿之间无关联[OR 0.87（95%置信区间0.42；1.84），p = 0.65]。
尽管巴西孕妇对DASH饮食的依从性较低，但其成分的依从性得分较高的孕妇生出LGA新生儿的几率较低。
