Graduate Program in Public Health, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Nutrition. 2023 Sep;113:112056. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112056. Epub 2023 Apr 29.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Adapted Diet Quality Index for Pregnant Women (IQDAG) and the biochemical profile of overweight pregnant adult women.
This was a cross-sectional study, using baseline data from a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted with 239 pregnant women in Brazil. The usual diet was obtained through two dietary recalls and the Multiple Source Method. Diet quality was assessed using the IQDAG, which has nine components: eight for adequacy and one for moderation. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triacylglycerols, and C-reactive protein were measured to evaluate the biochemical profile. Adjusted linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between the score of the IQDAG (and its components) and the biochemical profile. The significance level considered was P ≤ 0.05.
The mean index score was 75.4 points. An inverse association was observed between the consumption of legumes and total cholesterol level (β = -4.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], -9.16 to -0.35; P = 0.03) and low-density lipoprotein (β = -4.13; 95% CI, -7.56 to -0.69; P = 0.02), and a direct association between calcium intake and total cholesterol (β = 0.02; 95% CI, 0.002-0.41; P = 0.03). No other associations were observed between the investigated variables.
The data from the present study suggest that higher consumption of legumes is associated with lower levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. A higher intake of calcium was directly associated with total cholesterol . Further research is required to fully understand how diet quality affects pregnant women's biochemical profiles and what that means for the health of the mother and the fetus.
本研究旨在评估改良孕妇适宜饮食质量指数（IQDAG）与超重孕妇生化指标之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，使用巴西一项随机对照临床试验的基线数据，共纳入 239 名孕妇。采用 2 次膳食回顾和多源法获取孕妇日常饮食。采用 IQDAG 评估饮食质量，该指数有 9 个组成部分：8 个用于评估充足性，1 个用于评估适度性。测量空腹血糖、胰岛素、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、三酰甘油和 C 反应蛋白以评估生化指标。采用调整线性回归模型评估 IQDAG 评分（及其组成部分）与生化指标之间的相关性。P≤0.05 为差异有统计学意义。
平均指数评分为 75.4 分。豆类摄入量与总胆固醇水平（β=-4.76；95%置信区间 [CI]：-9.16 至-0.35；P=0.03）和低密度脂蛋白（β=-4.13；95%CI：-7.56 至-0.69；P=0.02）呈负相关，钙摄入量与总胆固醇呈正相关（β=0.02；95%CI：0.002-0.41；P=0.03）。未观察到其他变量之间的关联。
本研究数据表明，增加豆类摄入量与总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白水平降低相关。钙摄入量增加与总胆固醇呈直接相关。需要进一步研究以全面了解饮食质量如何影响孕妇的生化指标，以及这对母婴健康的意义。
