Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019 Sep;73(9):1270-1282. doi: 10.1038/s41430-018-0356-y. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To assess whether quality of maternal diet affects birth weight and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) and/or large for gestational age (LGA) babies.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study is based on the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and includes 65,904 pregnant women who answered a validated food frequency questionnaire at mid-pregnancy. Three maternal dietary patterns were extracted based on characteristics of food items in each pattern. From these we created four non-overlapping groups: "high prudent," "high Western," "high traditional," and "mixed". We obtained information about birth weight from the Norwegian Medical Birth Registry and calculated birth weight z-scores, SGA, and LGA according to an ultrasound-based, population-based, and a customized growth standards. Associations were studied by linear and multiple logistic regression.
Compared to the high Western group, the high prudent group was associated with lower birth weight (β z-scores -0.041 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.068, -0.013)) and the high traditional group with higher birth weight (β 0.067 (95% CI: 0.040, 0.094)) for all three growth standards. The high prudent pattern was associated with increased SGA risk (SGA odds ratio (OR) 1.25 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.54)) and decreased LGA risk (LGA OR 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.94)), while the high traditional group on the contrary was associated with decreased SGA (SGA OR 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84, 0.99)) and increased LGA risk (LGA OR 1.12 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.24)).
Food quality was associated with birth weight in this well-nourished Norwegian population. Food quality may affect a woman's risk of giving birth to a SGA or LGA baby.
背景/目的：评估母体饮食质量是否会影响出生体重以及小于胎龄儿（SGA）和/或大于胎龄儿（LGA）的风险。
受试者/方法：本研究基于挪威母亲和儿童队列研究（MoBa），纳入了 65904 名在妊娠中期回答了经过验证的食物频率问卷的孕妇。根据每种模式下食物的特点，提取了三种母体饮食模式。在此基础上，我们创建了四个不重叠的组：“高谨慎”、“高西方”、“高传统”和“混合”。我们从挪威医学出生登记处获得了有关出生体重的信息，并根据基于超声的、基于人群的和定制的生长标准计算了出生体重 z 评分、SGA 和 LGA。通过线性和多因素逻辑回归研究了相关性。
与高西方组相比，高谨慎组的出生体重较低（β z 评分 -0.041（95%置信区间（CI）：-0.068，-0.013）），高传统组的出生体重较高（β 0.067（95% CI：0.040，0.094）），所有三种生长标准均如此。高谨慎模式与 SGA 风险增加相关（SGA 比值比（OR）1.25（95% CI：1.02，1.54）），与 LGA 风险降低相关（LGA OR 0.84（95% CI：0.75，0.94）），而高传统组则相反，与 SGA 风险降低相关（SGA OR 0.92（95% CI：0.84，0.99））和 LGA 风险增加相关（LGA OR 1.12（95% CI：1.02，1.24））。
在这个营养良好的挪威人群中，食物质量与出生体重有关。食物质量可能会影响女性生育 SGA 或 LGA 婴儿的风险。
