Harish S, Nivedha M, Sangeetha C, Saranya P S, Saravanakumari K, Anandhi K
Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 003, India.
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 003, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Dec 31;52(1):94. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-10185-5.
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) is affected by various diseases among which Orthotospovirus arachinecrosis cause huge economical loss to the farmers. Management of viral diseases using systemic insecticides will target the beneficial microflora and fauna besides polluting the environment and cause health hazards. In this context, inducing systemic resistance (ISR) through Bacillus spp. is a promising alternative method which is natural, eco-friendly and safe, offering resistance against the disease.
In the present study, eight Bacillus spp. has been tested for their anti-viral efficacy against O. arachinecrosis in tomato. Pre-inoculation spray of the consortium of Bacillus subtilis BST8, Bacillus subtilis EBPBS-4 and Bacillus subtilis Bbv57 as seed treatment (10 ml/kg), soil drenching (1%) and foliar application (0.5%) exhibited less disease severity index of 12.92 compared to inoculated control (85.98) in tomato in pot culture. Field experiments revealed that, sequential application of Bacillus spp. consortia (Bbv57 + BST8 + EBPBS4) formulation as seed treatment, (10 ml/kg), soil application (2 lit/acre) along with foliar spray (1 lit/acre) at 30 DAT, 45 DAT and 60 DAT recorded the lowest disease incidence over control. Defense gene expression studies through real-time PCR analysis revealed that there is differential expression of defense genes viz., PR1, PR2, PR3, NPR1, MAPKK and PAL during the tripartite interaction of Bacillus spp. with O. arachinecrosis in tomato.
It is concluded that, consortia of Bacillus spp. induce systemic resistance in the plant besides promoting plant growth which can be utilized for the management of O. arachinecrosis infecting tomato.
番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L）受多种病害影响，其中花生坏死正番茄病毒给农民造成巨大经济损失。使用内吸性杀虫剂防治病毒病会在污染环境并造成健康危害的同时，对有益微生物区系和动物区系产生影响。在此背景下，通过芽孢杆菌属诱导系统抗性（ISR）是一种有前景的替代方法，该方法天然、环保且安全，可提供抗病能力。
在本研究中，对8种芽孢杆菌属菌株针对番茄花生坏死正番茄病毒的抗病毒效果进行了测试。以种子处理（10毫升/千克）、土壤浇灌（1%）和叶面喷施（0.5%）的方式预先接种枯草芽孢杆菌BST8、枯草芽孢杆菌EBPBS - 4和枯草芽孢杆菌Bbv57的组合菌剂，在盆栽番茄中与接种对照（85.98）相比，病害严重程度指数较低，为12.92。田间试验表明，芽孢杆菌属组合菌剂（Bbv57 + BST8 + EBPBS4）制剂在30天、45天和60天分别以种子处理（10毫升/千克）[1]、土壤施用（2升/英亩）以及叶面喷施（1升/英亩）的方式进行连续施用，与对照相比病害发生率最低。通过实时荧光定量PCR分析进行的防御基因表达研究表明，在芽孢杆菌属与番茄花生坏死正番茄病毒的三方互作过程中，防御基因即PR1、PR2、PR3、NPR1、MAPKK和PAL存在差异表达。
得出结论，芽孢杆菌属组合菌剂除了促进植物生长外，还能诱导植物产生系统抗性，可用于防治侵染番茄的花生坏死正番茄病毒。
[1]原文此处可能有误，推测是重复列出种子处理剂量，实际应是不同施用方式的具体剂量说明，翻译时保留原文形式。
