Quadri Alessandro, Barbaresi Alberto, Tassinari Patrizia, Bertaccini Assunta, Contaldo Nicoletta, Mercolini Laura, Protti Michele, Montalbetti Roberto, Laurita Romolo, Torreggiani Daniele
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), Bari-National Research Council, Bari, Italy.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 31;19(12):e0315542. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315542. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to increase the concentrations of vindoline (VDL) and catharanthine (CAT) in Catharanthus roseus plants cultivated in an indoor farming system using artificial lighting and plasma-activated water (PAW). After a 61-days pre-treatment period under fluorescent lamps, plants were exposed to four treatments: white light (W) from the same fluorescent lamps, red light (R) from LEDs, W with PAW, and R with PAW. These combinations were evaluated at two sampling times: 45 days (T1) and 70 days (T2) after the end of pre-treatment (DAP). Results showed that R combined with PAW significantly increased VDL and CAT concentrations compared to other combinations. In particular, with PAW, R produced significantly higher VDL and CAT concentrations than W, while without PAW, VDL and CAT concentrations were comparable under W and R. Regardless of the light conditions, VDL and CAT concentrations were higher with PAW. Moreover, VDL and CAT concentrations increased from T1 to T2, reaching higher levels under R or PAW at T2. At the same sampling time, VDL and CAT levels were generally higher in plants exposed to R and in those treated with PAW. The highest VDL and CAT concentrations were observed with combined R and PAW at T2. The study concluded that: (1) VDL and CAT concentrations increase with plant age; (2) PAW enhances VDL and CAT concentrations, with its effect becoming more pronounced from T1 to T2; (3) R contributes to VDL and CAT biosynthesis, but its impact becomes significant only when combined with PAW and its effect is amplified from T1 to T2; (4) regardless of the sampling time, the treatment with R and PAW maximizes the VDL and CAT concentrations; (5) R combined with PAW at T2 is the most effective treatment; (6) if harvest timing cannot be delayed, using R and PAW offers substantial benefits.
本研究旨在提高在使用人工照明和等离子体活化水（PAW）的室内种植系统中栽培的长春花植株中长春质碱（VDL）和长春碱（CAT）的含量。在荧光灯下进行61天的预处理期后，植株接受四种处理：来自相同荧光灯的白光（W）、来自发光二极管的红光（R）、添加PAW的W以及添加PAW的R。在预处理结束后（DAP）的两个采样时间点对这些组合进行评估：45天（T1）和70天（T2）。结果表明，与其他组合相比，R与PAW组合显著提高了VDL和CAT的含量。特别是，在添加PAW的情况下，R产生的VDL和CAT含量显著高于W，而在不添加PAW的情况下，W和R下的VDL和CAT含量相当。无论光照条件如何，添加PAW时VDL和CAT的含量更高。此外，VDL和CAT的含量从T1到T2有所增加，在T2时在R或PAW条件下达到更高水平。在相同的采样时间，暴露于R的植株以及接受PAW处理的植株中VDL和CAT水平通常更高。在T2时，R与PAW组合观察到最高的VDL和CAT含量。该研究得出以下结论：（1）VDL和CAT的含量随植株年龄增加；（2）PAW提高了VDL和CAT的含量，其效果从T1到T2变得更加明显；（3）R有助于VDL和CAT的生物合成，但只有在与PAW结合时其影响才显著，且其效果从T1到T2被放大；（4）无论采样时间如何，R与PAW处理可使VDL和CAT含量最大化；（5）T2时R与PAW组合是最有效的处理方法；（6）如果不能推迟收获时间，使用R和PAW会带来很大益处。
