Daghrery Arwa, Araújo Isaac Jordão de Souza, Marques Joana Faria, Alipour Mahdieh, Ünsal Revan Birke Koca, Chathoth Bavya Mavila, Sivaramakrishnan Gowri, Delgadillo-Barrera Sara, Chaurasia Akhilanand
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, USA.
Tissue Cell. 2025 Apr;93:102684. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102684. Epub 2024 Dec 22.
The treatment of congenital deformities, traumatic injuries, infectious diseases, and tumors in the craniomaxillofacial (CMF) region is complex due to the intricate nature of the tissues involved. Conventional treatments such as bone grafts and cell transplantation face limitations, including the need for multiple surgeries, complications, and safety concerns.
This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the role of exosomes (EXOs) in CMF and dental tissue regeneration and to explore their potential applications in regenerative dental medicine.
An extensive review of advancements in tissue engineering, materials sciences, and nanotechnology was conducted to evaluate the development of delivery systems for EXOs-based therapies. The analysis included how EXOs, as nanovesicles released by cells, can be modified to target specific cells or loaded with functional molecules for drug or gene delivery.
EXOs have emerged as a promising alternative to cell transplant therapy, offering a safer method for cell communication and epigenetic control. EXOs transport important proteins and genetic materials, facilitating intercellular communication and delivering therapeutics effectively. The potential of EXOs in personalized medicine, particularly in diagnosing, customizing treatment, and predicting patient responses, is highlighted.
EXO-mediated therapy holds significant potential for advancing tissue regeneration, offering targeted, personalized treatment options with reduced side effects. However, challenges in purification, production, and standardized protocols need to be addressed before its clinical application can be fully realized.
由于颅颌面（CMF）区域所涉及组织的复杂性，该区域先天性畸形、创伤性损伤、感染性疾病及肿瘤的治疗较为复杂。诸如骨移植和细胞移植等传统治疗方法存在局限性，包括需要多次手术、并发症以及安全问题。
本文旨在全面分析外泌体（EXOs）在CMF及牙组织再生中的作用，并探讨其在再生牙医学中的潜在应用。
对组织工程学、材料科学和纳米技术的进展进行了广泛综述，以评估基于EXOs疗法的递送系统的发展情况。分析内容包括，作为细胞释放的纳米囊泡，EXOs如何进行修饰以靶向特定细胞，或负载功能分子用于药物或基因递送。
EXOs已成为细胞移植治疗的一种有前景的替代方法，为细胞通讯和表观遗传控制提供了一种更安全的方法。EXOs运输重要的蛋白质和遗传物质，促进细胞间通讯并有效递送治疗剂。强调了EXOs在个性化医疗中的潜力，特别是在诊断、定制治疗和预测患者反应方面。
EXO介导的疗法在推进组织再生方面具有巨大潜力，可提供靶向、个性化的治疗选择，且副作用减少。然而，在其临床应用得以充分实现之前，需要解决纯化、生产和标准化方案方面的挑战。
