Srisrattakarn Arpasiri, Saiboonjan Bhanubong, Tippayawat Patcharaporn, Angkititrakul Sunpetch, Chanawong Aroonwadee, Pornchoo Chanakan, Smithkittipol Chokdee, Lulitanond Aroonlug
Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Center for Innovation and Standard for Medical Technology and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
J Infect Public Health. 2025 Feb;18(2):102624. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102624. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Currently, antimicrobial agents are widely used in both animals and agriculture, causing the crisis of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. In this study we surveyed for 4 important antimicrobial-resistant bacteria: extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella spp., and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from the environment around chicken and pig farms.
Forty-four soils, 44 water and 15 bootstrap samples were collected from upstream and downstream of the riverside close to 22 animal farms in 2020 (9 farms) and 2023 (13 farms). The samples were cultured in appropriate media and isolated colonies were further identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility and ESBL production were tested by disk diffusion method except for colistin susceptibility determined by broth disk elution test. Common resistance genes were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.
A total of 123 E. coli (n = 59) and Klebsiella species (n = 64) were identified and 25 isolates of them were MDR; 21 and 4 isolates from the downstream and upstream areas respectively. In addition, 13 isolates were ESBL producers, of which 12 isolates were from the downstream area. The most common ESBL gene among both organisms was bla, whereas colistin resistance gene, mcr-1, was found in 2 E. coli isolates. Salmonella spp. and MRSA were not isolated from any sample.
Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria were found in the environment around the animal farms especially from the downstream area, suggesting the urgent need of judicious use of antimicrobial agents in animal farms.
目前，抗菌剂在动物和农业中广泛使用，导致多重耐药（MDR）细菌危机。在本研究中，我们对来自鸡场和猪场周围环境中的4种重要耐药菌进行了调查：产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和沙门氏菌属，以及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）。
2020年（9个养殖场）和2023年（13个养殖场）从靠近22个动物养殖场的河边上下游采集了44份土壤、44份水样和15份重复样本。将样本在合适的培养基中培养，对分离出的菌落进行进一步鉴定。除了用肉汤纸片洗脱试验测定多粘菌素敏感性外，采用纸片扩散法检测抗菌药物敏感性和ESBL产生情况。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法检测常见耐药基因。
共鉴定出123株大肠杆菌（n = 59）和克雷伯菌属（n = 64），其中25株为多重耐药菌；分别有21株和4株来自下游和上游地区。此外，有13株分离株产ESBL，其中12株来自下游地区。两种菌中最常见的ESBL基因是bla，而在2株大肠杆菌分离株中发现了多粘菌素耐药基因mcr-1。未从任何样本中分离出沙门氏菌属和MRSA。
在动物养殖场周围环境中发现了耐药菌，尤其是来自下游地区，这表明迫切需要在动物养殖场中合理使用抗菌剂。
