Shuffrey Lauren C, Pini Nicolò, Mei Han, Rodriguez Cynthia, Gimenez Lissete A, Barbosa Jennifer R, Rodriguez Daianna J, Rayport Yael, Sania Ayesha, Monk Catherine, Fifer William P
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 2025 Jan;67(1):e70014. doi: 10.1002/dev.70014.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects around 10% of pregnancies in the United States and has been linked to neurodevelopmental sequelae in children. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating early-life neural markers in GDM-exposed infants. This study examined the association of GDM with relative EEG power among healthy term-age neonates collected during natural sleep. Participants included a diverse cohort of 101 mothers (45% multiracial, 25% Black, and 69% Hispanic or Latina) and their infants (gestational age at birth M = 39.0 ± 0.95; 46.5% female). We did not observe the main effect of GDM on infant relative EEG power. Our post hoc analyses revealed a significant interaction effect between GDM and infant birth weight on relative EEG power in active sleep. Among GDM-exposed neonates, increased birth weight was associated with increased relative theta EEG power and decreased relative beta and gamma EEG power across multiple electrode regions. Among non-GDM-exposed infants, increased birth weight was associated with decreased relative theta EEG power and increased relative beta and gamma EEG power across multiple electrode regions. Our findings suggest that alterations in fetal growth may serve as either an indirect marker or pathway through which GDM influences the developing fetal brain.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）在美国约10%的妊娠中出现，并与儿童神经发育后遗症有关。然而，很少有研究调查暴露于GDM的婴儿早期的神经标志物。本研究调查了GDM与自然睡眠期间收集的健康足月儿相对脑电图功率之间的关联。参与者包括101位母亲（45%为多种族、25%为黑人、69%为西班牙裔或拉丁裔）及其婴儿（出生时胎龄M = 39.0 ± 0.95；46.5%为女性）组成的多样化队列。我们没有观察到GDM对婴儿相对脑电图功率的主要影响。我们的事后分析显示，GDM与婴儿出生体重之间在主动睡眠中对相对脑电图功率存在显著的交互作用。在暴露于GDM的新生儿中，出生体重增加与多个电极区域相对θ波脑电图功率增加以及相对β波和γ波脑电图功率降低有关。在未暴露于GDM的婴儿中，出生体重增加与多个电极区域相对θ波脑电图功率降低以及相对β波和γ波脑电图功率增加有关。我们的研究结果表明，胎儿生长的改变可能是GDM影响发育中胎儿大脑的间接标志物或途径。
