Sattin R W, Rubin G L, Webster L A, Huezo C M, Wingo P A, Ory H W, Layde P M
JAMA. 1985 Apr 5;253(13):1908-13.
To investigate whether a family history of breast cancer increases a woman's risk of developing breast cancer, we analyzed data from the Centers for Disease Control's Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study. The 4,735 cases were women 20 to 54 years old with a first diagnosis of breast cancer ascertained from eight population-based cancer registries; the 4,688 controls were women selected at random from the general population of these eight areas. Compared with women without a family history of breast cancer, women who had an affected first-degree relative had a relative risk of 2.3; women with an affected second-degree relative had a relative risk of 1.5; and women with both an affected mother and sister had a relative risk of 14. The risk of breast cancer for a woman was higher if her first-degree relative had unilateral rather than bilateral breast cancer or had breast cancer detected at a younger rather than older age. For women aged 20 to 39, 40 to 44, and 45 to 54 years, the estimated annual incidence of breast cancer per 100,000 women attributable to a first-degree family history of breast cancer was 51.9, 115.1, and 138.6, respectively, and that attributable to a second-degree family history of breast cancer was 12.1, 19.2, and 92.4, respectively.
为了研究乳腺癌家族史是否会增加女性患乳腺癌的风险，我们分析了疾病控制中心癌症与类固醇激素研究的数据。4735例病例为年龄在20至54岁之间、首次诊断为乳腺癌的女性，这些病例来自8个基于人群的癌症登记处；4688名对照为从这8个地区的普通人群中随机选取的女性。与没有乳腺癌家族史的女性相比，有一位患病一级亲属的女性相对风险为2.3；有一位患病二级亲属的女性相对风险为1.5；母亲和姐妹均患病的女性相对风险为14。如果女性的一级亲属患单侧而非双侧乳腺癌，或者在较年轻时而非较年长时被诊断出乳腺癌，那么该女性患乳腺癌的风险更高。对于年龄在20至39岁、40至44岁以及45至54岁的女性，每10万名女性中因乳腺癌一级家族史导致的乳腺癌估计年发病率分别为51.9、115.1和138.6，因乳腺癌二级家族史导致的分别为12.1、19.2和92.4。
