Ye Xingyan, Qin Kezhen, Fernie Alisdair R, Zhang Youjun
Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
J Genet Genomics. 2024 Dec 30. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.12.016.
Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field in agriculture, offering innovative solutions to enhance food security, provide resilience to climate change, and transition to sustainable farming practices. By integrating advanced genetic tools, computational modeling, and systems biology, researchers can precisely modify plant genomes to enhance traits such as yield, stress tolerance, and nutrient use efficiency. The ability to design plants with specific characteristics tailored to diverse environmental conditions and agricultural needs holds great potential to address global food security challenges. Here, we highlight recent advancements and applications of plant synthetic biology in agriculture, focusing on key areas such as photosynthetic efficiency, nitrogen fixation, drought tolerance, pathogen resistance, nutrient use efficiency, biofortification, climate resilience, microbiology engineering, synthetic plant genomes, and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with synthetic biology. These innovations aim to maximize resource use efficiency, reduce reliance on external inputs, and mitigate environmental impacts associated with conventional agricultural practices. Despite challenges related to regulatory approval and public acceptance, the integration of synthetic biology in agriculture holds immense promise for creating more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems, contributing to global food security and environmental sustainability. Rigorous multi-field testing of these approaches will undoubtedly be required to ensure reproducibility.
植物合成生物学已成为农业领域一个具有变革性的学科，为加强粮食安全、增强应对气候变化的能力以及向可持续农业实践转型提供创新解决方案。通过整合先进的基因工具、计算建模和系统生物学，研究人员能够精确修饰植物基因组，以增强产量、抗逆性和养分利用效率等性状。设计出具有适应不同环境条件和农业需求特定特性的植物，对于应对全球粮食安全挑战具有巨大潜力。在此，我们重点介绍植物合成生物学在农业领域的最新进展和应用，聚焦于光合效率、固氮、耐旱性、抗病性、养分利用效率、生物强化、气候适应能力、微生物工程、合成植物基因组以及人工智能与合成生物学的整合等关键领域。这些创新旨在最大限度地提高资源利用效率，减少对外部投入的依赖，并减轻与传统农业实践相关的环境影响。尽管在监管审批和公众接受方面存在挑战，但合成生物学在农业中的整合对于创建更具韧性和可持续性的农业系统具有巨大潜力，有助于全球粮食安全和环境可持续性。无疑需要对这些方法进行严格的多领域测试，以确保可重复性。
