Pourshahriar Hossein, Khalili Banafsheh, Shokri Omid, Fatehi Farzad
Department of Consulting, School of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Educational and Developmental Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Curr J Neurol. 2024 Apr 3;23(2):124-130. doi: 10.18502/cjn.v23i2.16841.
Stress has been known as a risk factor for the onset and modification of autoimmune disorders such as myasthenia gravis (MG). However, the patients can control their stress and improve their quality of life (QOL) using some factors such as psychological and social support. Psychological capital and social support play a key role in decreasing stress and improving QOL in the patients with MG. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the mediator role of the psychological capital and social support in perceived stress and QOL of the patients with MG. In the present cross-sectional study, 203 patients with MG, including 138 women and 65 men, were selected from Iran Myasthenia Gravis Association and Shariati Hospital, Tehran City, Iran, using available sampling. The selected patients completed the Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life questionnaire (MG-QOL), Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14). To assess the mediator role of the psychological capital and the perceived social support in the relationship with the perceived stress and QOL of the patients with MG, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used. There was a significant negative relationship between the perceived stress and the variables of psychological capital (including hope, resilience, optimism, and self-efficacy), perceived social support dimensions (including support from important people, support from family, and support from friends), and QOL dimensions (including social activity and mental health) (P < 0.01). The results also showed that the perceived social support dimensions (including support from important people, support from family, and support from friends) and the variables of psychological capital (including hope, resilience, optimism, and self-efficacy) had a significant positive relationship with the QOL in patients with MG (P < 0.01). The indirect effect of perceived stress on the QOL through social support and psychological capital was 0.16 and 0.15, respectively, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The present study results show that a part of the shared variance between the conceptual circles of the perceived stress and QOL in patients with MG results from variability in the psychological capital and social support.
压力一直被认为是自身免疫性疾病（如重症肌无力，MG）发病和病情演变的一个风险因素。然而，患者可以通过心理和社会支持等因素来控制压力并提高生活质量（QOL）。心理资本和社会支持在减轻MG患者的压力和提高其生活质量方面起着关键作用。因此，本研究旨在评估心理资本和社会支持在MG患者感知压力和生活质量中的中介作用。在本横断面研究中，采用便利抽样法从伊朗重症肌无力协会和伊朗德黑兰市沙里亚蒂医院选取了203例MG患者，其中包括138名女性和65名男性。所选患者完成了重症肌无力生活质量问卷（MG-QOL）、卢桑斯心理资本问卷（PCQ）、多维感知社会支持量表（MSPSS）和科恩感知压力量表（PSS-14）。为了评估心理资本和感知社会支持在与MG患者感知压力和生活质量关系中的中介作用，使用了结构方程模型（SEM）。感知压力与心理资本变量（包括希望、复原力、乐观主义和自我效能感）、感知社会支持维度（包括来自重要他人的支持、来自家庭的支持和来自朋友的支持）以及生活质量维度（包括社交活动和心理健康）之间存在显著负相关（P<0.01）。结果还表明，感知社会支持维度（包括来自重要他人的支持、来自家庭的支持和来自朋友的支持）和心理资本变量（包括希望、复原力、乐观主义和自我效能感）与MG患者的生活质量呈显著正相关（P<0.01）。感知压力通过社会支持和心理资本对生活质量的间接效应分别为0.16和0.15，具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。本研究结果表明，MG患者感知压力和生活质量概念圈之间的部分共同方差源于心理资本和社会支持的变异性。
