Prevention of gynecological cancers: cervical cancer screening in Turkey: a role model for the world.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This review examines Turkey's cervical cancer screening programme, highlighting its evolution from a cytology-based approach to a more effective HPV-based strategy. The review is timely given the global push to reduce cervical cancer incidence through improved screening practices, and it positions Turkey's programme as a potential model for other countries facing similar public health challenges.

RECENT FINDINGS

Recent advances in cervical cancer screening in Turkey include the nationwide introduction of HPV DNA testing, centralized laboratory systems and innovative management software. The programme has significantly improved screening coverage and early detection rates, particularly in underserved communities. However, challenges remain in areas such as training healthcare workers, raising awareness of HPV vaccination, and integrating self-sampling methods into the screening process.

SUMMARY

The Turkish experience demonstrates that a well organized HPV-based cervical cancer screening programme can overcome significant cultural and logistical barriers and lead to improved public health outcomes. Future efforts should focus on refining triage strategies, exploring new molecular tests, and expanding the use of self-sampling to further improve the effectiveness of cervical cancer prevention efforts worldwide.