Hastie Maya J, Mittel Aaron, Raman Vidya, Szokol Joseph, Whittington Robert, Bustillo Maria, Siddiqui Shahla, Straker Tracey, Sakai Tetsuro, Armstead Valerie, Wiener-Kronish Jeanine, Jewitt Chelcie, Mashour George A
From the Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
Department of Anesthesiology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.
Anesth Analg. 2025 Jan 2. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000007282.
A report by the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) showed that academic anesthesiology has the highest prevalence of sexual harassment among specialties for both men and women. We aimed to explore the prevalence, sources, and impact of sexual harassment on anesthesiologists in academic centers in the United States and Canada. We also sought recommendations for its mitigation.
An anonymous online survey instrument was designed based on a previously published report, yielding 39 questions, including demographics and 4 open-ended questions. The survey was sent via email to Association of University Anesthesiologists (AUA) members, who were encouraged to share across academic anesthesiology departments in the United States and Canada.
A total of 626 responses were received; after exclusion of incomplete and nonfaculty responses, 484 complete survey responses were analyzed. 52.9% of respondents identified as men and 45.9% as women; 3 respondents (0.6%) identified as nonbinary, and 3 respondents (0.6%) preferred not to answer. 43.6% of respondents perceived there is sexual harassment in academic anesthesiology. Significantly more women than men reported presence of sexual harassment in academic medicine (65.3% vs 38.3%, P < .001), in academic anesthesiology (59.5% vs 30.1%, P < .001), and in their place of work (37.8% vs 18.3%, P < .001). 14.5% of men and 43.2% of women had experienced sexual harassment at least once in the past 12 months (P < .001). 43.7% of women reported ever experiencing unwanted physical contact in the workplace compared to 16.8% of men; 74.3% of women reported ever experiencing verbal or nonverbal conduct in the workplace related to gender that caused embarrassment, distress, or offense compared to 24.6% of men (P < .001). 8.2% of men reported feeling their clinical ability doubted, compared to 87.8% of women (P < .001). Experiences of sexual harassment were most consistent with verbal and nonverbal behaviors that convey hostility, objectification, or exclusion of members of one gender. Colleagues from anesthesiology were most likely to be reported as the source of sexual harassment (44.6% of unwanted physical contact, 59% of verbal or nonverbal conduct). The impact was described along 4 themes: emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and professional. Participants made recommendations for eliminating sexual harassment by raising awareness, providing education, establishing reporting, offering support, and ensuring accountability.
This survey confirms the high prevalence of sexual harassment in academic anesthesiology. The most common sources are anesthesiology colleagues. The recommendations for leaders and institutions include creating a professional environment free from harassment with support for targets and accountability for instigators.
美国医学院协会（AAMC）的一份报告显示，在各专业中，学术麻醉学领域的性骚扰发生率在男性和女性中都是最高的。我们旨在探讨美国和加拿大学术中心麻醉医生遭受性骚扰的发生率、来源及影响。我们还寻求减轻性骚扰的建议。
基于之前发表的一份报告设计了一份匿名在线调查问卷，共39个问题，包括人口统计学问题及4个开放式问题。该问卷通过电子邮件发送给大学麻醉医生协会（AUA）成员，并鼓励他们在美国和加拿大的学术麻醉学部门之间分享。
共收到626份回复；排除不完整和非教职人员的回复后，对484份完整的调查问卷回复进行了分析。52.9%的受访者为男性，45.9%为女性；3名受访者（0.6%）认定为非二元性别，3名受访者（0.6%）选择不回答。43.6%的受访者认为学术麻醉学领域存在性骚扰。报告称学术医学领域存在性骚扰的女性明显多于男性（65.3%对38.3%，P <.001），学术麻醉学领域（59.5%对30.1%，P <.001），以及在其工作场所（37.8%对18.3%，P <.001）。在过去12个月中，14.5%的男性和43.2%的女性至少经历过一次性骚扰（P <.001）。43.7%的女性报告曾在工作场所遭遇不必要的身体接触，而男性为16.8%；74.3%的女性报告曾在工作场所遭遇与性别相关的言语或非言语行为，这些行为导致尴尬、困扰或冒犯，而男性为24.6%（P <.001）。8.2%的男性报告感觉自己的临床能力受到怀疑？而女性为87.8%（P <.001）。性骚扰经历最常与传达敌意、物化或排斥某一性别的言语和非言语行为相符。麻醉学同事最常被报告为性骚扰的来源（44.6%的不必要身体接触、59%的言语或非言语行为）。影响主要体现在4个方面：情绪、认知、行为和职业。参与者提出了通过提高认识、提供教育、建立举报机制、提供支持和确保问责来消除性骚扰的建议。
本次调查证实学术麻醉学领域性骚扰发生率很高。最常见的来源是麻醉学同事。对领导人和机构的建议包括营造一个没有骚扰的专业环境，为受害者提供支持，对肇事者追究责任。
