Tiwari Archana, Khurshid Aleefia A, Sharma Kanhaiya
Department of Electronics Engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440013, India.
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis University Pune, Pune, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 2;15(1):116. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83864-9.
A novel approach is introduced for designing a miniaturized wearable antenna. Utilizing Taguchi's philosophy typically entails numerous experimentations runs, but our method significantly reduces these by employing a quasi-Newton approach with gradient descent to estimate process parameter ranges. This hybrid technique expedites convergence by streamlining experiments. Additionally, the Taguchi array ensures a balanced design, equalizing factor weights. Unlike conventional Taguchi methods, which risk trapping optimized results at local minima with increased repetitions, our modified technique mitigates this issue by adjusting level differences, aiming for global minima. Antenna design often involves competing objectives, such as size, impedance matching, cross-polarization, directivity, and frequency range. This study addresses these multiobjective challenges using a hybrid approach. The proposed method is applied to design and fabricate a biosafe miniaturized antenna for integration into clothing. The comparison of computed and measured antenna parameters confirms the accuracy of our solution while demonstrating a reduction in the required number of experiments. This innovative approach significantly advances the efficient design of wearable antennas. The biosafe wearable antenna demonstrated compliant specific absorption rate (SAR) (1.2 W/kg), robust mechanical performance (up to 40° bending), and underwent human body effect investigation. Comparison of computed and measured antenna parameters confirms solution accuracy. By implementing the proposed hybrid approach, computational time is significantly reduced by 98%, outperforming electromagnetic (EM) solvers' built-in optimization.
本文介绍了一种设计小型化可穿戴天线的新颖方法。采用田口方法通常需要进行大量实验，但我们的方法通过使用带有梯度下降的拟牛顿法来估计工艺参数范围，显著减少了实验次数。这种混合技术通过简化实验加快了收敛速度。此外，田口阵列确保了设计的平衡性，使因素权重均等。与传统田口方法不同，传统方法在增加重复次数时可能会将优化结果困在局部最小值，我们的改进技术通过调整水平差异来缓解这个问题，目标是找到全局最小值。天线设计通常涉及相互竞争的目标，如尺寸、阻抗匹配、交叉极化、方向性和频率范围。本研究使用混合方法解决这些多目标挑战。所提出的方法被应用于设计和制造一种用于集成到服装中的生物安全小型化天线。计算得到的天线参数与测量得到的天线参数的比较证实了我们解决方案的准确性，同时表明所需实验次数有所减少。这种创新方法显著推进了可穿戴天线的高效设计。这种生物安全可穿戴天线表现出符合要求的比吸收率（SAR）（1.2W/kg）、稳健的机械性能（高达40°弯曲），并进行了人体效应研究。计算得到的天线参数与测量得到的天线参数的比较证实了解决方案的准确性。通过实施所提出的混合方法，计算时间显著减少了98%，优于电磁（EM）求解器的内置优化。
