Gusoff Geoffrey M, Ramiller Alex, Acolin Arthur, Wang Ruoniu, Zimmerman Frederick J
Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Department of City and Regional Planning, University of California, Berkeley, 230 Bauer Wurster Hall #1820, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 2;25(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20982-z.
Shared equity homeownership - a model in which low- and moderate-income households purchase homes at affordable prices on the condition that the houses remain affordable upon resale - has been shown to produce several health-enhancing housing outcomes. These include permanent affordability, housing stability, and modest wealth-building. However, studies suggest low- and moderate-income households may sacrifice neighborhood quality when becoming homeowners, which can undermine the health benefits of homeownership. To understand the health impacts of the shared equity homeownership model more fully, it is important to evaluate participants' neighborhood health trajectories - how their neighborhood health environments change when they move into homeownership - and how these trajectories compare to those of similar households entering traditional homeownership and those continuing to rent.
We conducted difference-in-differences analyses comparing changes in neighborhood health characteristics (walkability, food access, socio-economic vulnerability, and life expectancy) for US households moving into shared equity homeownership between 1997 and 2017 compared to households moving into traditional homeownership and those continuing to rent. Shared equity homeowner data was obtained through the Grounded Solutions Network HomeKeeper National Data Hub and households from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics served as matched controls for the analysis. All data on neighborhood characteristics were obtained from publicly available, census tract-level datasets.
Compared to households entering traditional homeownership, households entering shared equity homeownership experienced a relative increase in walkability (difference-in-differences 1.07, p = 0.004), increase in food access (0.13, p < 0.001), increase in socio-economic vulnerability (0.06, p = 0.02), and similar life expectancy. Compared to households moving between rental units, households entering shared equity homeownership experienced similar trajectories in terms of walkability and food access but experienced a relative increase in socio-economic vulnerability (0.06, p = 0.01) and decrease in average neighborhood life expectancy (-0.64, p = 0.01).
Households entering shared equity homeownership avoid the sacrifices in neighborhood walkability and food access that are associated with moving into traditional homeownership, but they experience increased neighborhood socio-economic vulnerability. While understanding the net impact of these factors on individual and household health requires further study, these results can inform the siting and design of shared equity homeownership units to maximize the health benefits of the model.
共享产权住房所有制——一种中低收入家庭以可承受价格购房，并在房屋转售时仍保持可承受性的模式——已被证明能产生多种增进健康的住房成果。这些成果包括永久可承受性、住房稳定性和适度的财富积累。然而，研究表明，中低收入家庭在成为房主时可能会牺牲社区质量，这可能会削弱拥有住房对健康的益处。为了更全面地了解共享产权住房所有制模式对健康的影响，评估参与者的社区健康轨迹（即他们进入自有住房时社区健康环境如何变化）以及这些轨迹与进入传统自有住房的类似家庭和继续租房的家庭的轨迹相比情况如何非常重要。
我们进行了差分分析，比较了1997年至2017年间进入共享产权住房所有制的美国家庭与进入传统自有住房的家庭以及继续租房的家庭在社区健康特征（步行便利性、食物获取、社会经济脆弱性和预期寿命）方面的变化。共享产权房主的数据通过扎根解决方案网络家庭守护者国家数据中心获得，收入动态面板研究中的家庭用作分析的匹配对照。所有关于社区特征的数据均来自公开可用的普查区层面数据集。
与进入传统自有住房的家庭相比，进入共享产权住房所有制的家庭在步行便利性方面相对增加（差分1.07，p = 0.004），食物获取增加（0.13，p < 0.001），社会经济脆弱性增加（0.06，p = 0.02），预期寿命相似。与在租赁单元之间搬家的家庭相比，进入共享产权住房所有制的家庭在步行便利性和食物获取方面经历了相似的轨迹，但社会经济脆弱性相对增加（0.06，p = 0.01），社区平均预期寿命下降（-0.64，p = 0.01）。
进入共享产权住房所有制的家庭避免了与进入传统自有住房相关的在社区步行便利性和食物获取方面的牺牲，但他们经历了社区社会经济脆弱性的增加。虽然了解这些因素对个人和家庭健康的净影响需要进一步研究，但这些结果可为共享产权住房所有制单元的选址和设计提供参考，以最大限度地发挥该模式对健康的益处。
