Rahman Shams, Steeb David R
College of Global Population Health, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, 1 Pharmacy Place, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Dec 18;24(1):3479. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20842-w.
Housing is an important social determinant of health. The objective of this study was to investigate the predictive role of homeownership in mental health outcomes.
The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2020 data (N = 401,958) were analyzed.
Self-reported prevalence of ever depressive disorders, difficulty concentrating or remembering, difficulty doing errands alone due to poor physical/mental health, number of days not having good mental health in past 30 days, and number of days poor physical/mental health affected daily activities in past 30 days Exposure: Homeownership (own/rent). Adjusting factors: Socio-demographic and lifestyle variables. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) are reported. All estimates were weighted to account for the study design.
Of the participants, 33% resided in rental properties. The mean age for renters was 38 years, and homeowners 53. Homeownership was high among women, old age, employed, and White race. The prevalence of ever depressive disorders was18.3%, with high estimates among women, age group (18-44 years), and American-Indians/Alaskan-Natives. The study revealed a significant association between homeownership and mental health. In the adjusted models, compared to homeowners, renters experienced higher prevalence of ever depressive disorders (aOR 1.29, 95%CI: 1.16-1.44), increased difficulty concentrating/remembering (aOR 1.38, 95%CI: 1.19-1.60), were more likely to report poor physical/mental health affecting daily activities (aOR 1.24, 95%CI: 1.05-1.45), reported more days of not having good mental health in the past 30 days (aOR 1.23, 95%CI: 1.12-1.34), and had increased likelihood of poor physical/mental health affecting their daily activities (aOR 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04-1.31). Age-stratified analysis demonstrates consistent associations across various age groups.
This study provides robust evidence supporting the positive impact of homeownership on mental health. Promoting affordable homeownership opportunities has the potential to alleviate the mental health burden in the United States.
住房是健康的一个重要社会决定因素。本研究的目的是调查自有住房在心理健康结果中的预测作用。
对2020年行为危险因素监测系统的数据（N = 401,958）进行了分析。
自我报告的曾患抑郁症、注意力不集中或记忆力差、因身心健康不佳而难以独自完成日常事务的患病率、过去30天中心理健康不佳的天数，以及过去30天中身心健康不佳影响日常活动的天数。暴露因素：自有住房（自有/租赁）。调整因素：社会人口统计学和生活方式变量。报告了调整后的优势比（aOR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。所有估计值均进行了加权以考虑研究设计。
在参与者中，33%居住在租赁房产中。租房者的平均年龄为38岁，自有住房者为53岁。自有住房在女性、老年人、就业者和白人中比例较高。曾患抑郁症的患病率为18.3%，在女性、年龄组（18 - 44岁）和美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民中估计值较高。该研究揭示了自有住房与心理健康之间存在显著关联。在调整后的模型中，与自有住房者相比，租房者曾患抑郁症的患病率更高（aOR 1.29，95%CI：1.16 - 1.44），注意力不集中/记忆力差的情况增加（aOR 1.38，95%CI：1.19 - 1.60），更有可能报告身心健康不佳影响日常活动（aOR 1.24，95%CI：1.05 - 1.45），报告过去30天中心理健康不佳的天数更多（aOR 1.23，95%CI：1.12 - 1.34），且身心健康不佳影响日常活动的可能性增加（aOR 1.17，95%CI：1.04 - 1.31）。年龄分层分析表明各年龄组之间的关联一致。
本研究提供了有力证据，支持自有住房对心理健康的积极影响。促进经济适用房自有机会有可能减轻美国的心理健康负担。
