Yang Zhe, Killian Michael O
College of Social Work, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Prog Transplant. 2025 Mar;35(1):22-40. doi: 10.1177/15269248241305018. Epub 2025 Jan 3.
Anxiety symptoms influence health outcomes in pediatric organ transplant recipients. Assessing the quality of anxiety scales is critical to address the psychological challenges these patients face. Variability in how anxiety is conceptualized across scales highlights the need for selecting appropriate instruments.
This systematic review aimed to search and synthesize anxiety scales used in pediatric organ transplant studies, evaluate their reliability and validity, examine factors and group differences related to anxiety, and identify promising scales for this population.
A systematic search was conducted using the terms "(Anxiety) AND (organ transplant) AND (child* OR youth OR pediatric* OR adolescen*)." Ten electronic databases were accessed.
Eighteen anxiety scales from 30 articles were identified. Fourteen scales measured specific anxiety types. Most scales demonstrated good to excellent reliability and validity. Associations between anxiety and demographics, psychological well-being, factors related to illness and treatment were observed. Five types of anxiety-related differences among groups and 6 promising anxiety scales for the target population were identified.
General and specialized anxiety scales were identified. Incomplete reporting of psychometric evidence restricted the quality assessment. Limitations include cultural and publication biases. Future research should focus on transplant-specific scales with psychometric validation across culturally diverse settings to ensure their quality and applicability.
This review identified well-validated scales, such as State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, effective for quick screening. Specialized instruments were used for nuanced anxiety concepts such as needle-related anxiety, illness-specific anxiety, and anxiety during the transition to adult care, but further psychometric validation is needed.
焦虑症状会影响小儿器官移植受者的健康结局。评估焦虑量表的质量对于应对这些患者面临的心理挑战至关重要。不同量表对焦虑的概念化方式存在差异，这凸显了选择合适工具的必要性。
本系统评价旨在检索和综合小儿器官移植研究中使用的焦虑量表，评估其信度和效度，研究与焦虑相关的因素和群体差异，并确定适用于该人群的有前景的量表。
使用“（焦虑）AND（器官移植）AND（儿童或青少年或小儿或青少年*）”进行系统检索。访问了十个电子数据库。
从30篇文章中识别出18种焦虑量表。14种量表测量特定类型的焦虑。大多数量表显示出良好到优秀的信度和效度。观察到焦虑与人口统计学、心理健康、疾病和治疗相关因素之间的关联。确定了群体之间五种与焦虑相关的差异类型以及六种适用于目标人群的有前景的焦虑量表。
识别出了一般和专门的焦虑量表。心理测量证据报告不完整限制了质量评估。局限性包括文化和发表偏倚。未来的研究应侧重于具有跨文化多样环境心理测量验证的移植特异性量表，以确保其质量和适用性。
本综述确定了经过充分验证的量表，如儿童状态-特质焦虑量表和广泛性焦虑障碍-7，对快速筛查有效。专门的工具用于细微的焦虑概念，如针头相关焦虑、疾病特异性焦虑以及向成人护理过渡期间的焦虑，但需要进一步的心理测量验证。
