Cukor Jan, Faltusová Monika, Vacek Zdeněk, Linda Rostislav, Skoták Vlastimil, Václavek Petr, Ježek Miloš, Šálek Martin, Havránek František
Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště, Czechia.
Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Dec 19;11:1497361. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1497361. eCollection 2024.
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly virulent disease rapidly spreading through Europe with fatal consequences for wild boar and domestic pigs. Understanding pathogen transmission among individuals and populations is crucial for disease control. However, the carcass attractiveness for boars was surprisingly almost unstudied. Here, we evaluated if the wild boar carcasses are perceived as an attractant compared to the control sites throughout the year. For this purpose, 28 wild boar carcasses were placed in seven forest stands and continuously monitored in 2019-2020 by camera traps combined with control locations situated at least 200 m away in comparable habitats. Overall, we have recorded 3,602 wild boar visits, from which 3,017 (83.8%) were recorded in locations with placed carcasses and 585 (16.2%) in control locations. Most visits were recorded after sunset and before sunrise, corresponding to common peaks of wild boar activity. On average, the first visits were detected 4.7 days after carcass placement. Contrarily, it was 61.5 days for the control site. In conclusion, we have proven an enormous wild boar carcass attractiveness for boars, which exhibits an entirely new aspect of wild boar behavior. Therefore, the carcass removal is a crucial measure for controlling the spread of ASF.
非洲猪瘟（ASF）是一种高致病性疾病，正在欧洲迅速传播，对野猪和家猪都有致命影响。了解病原体在个体和种群之间的传播对于疾病控制至关重要。然而，令人惊讶的是，野猪对尸体的吸引力几乎未被研究过。在这里，我们评估了全年与对照地点相比，野猪尸体是否被视为一种吸引物。为此，2019年至2020年期间，在七个林分中放置了28具野猪尸体，并通过相机陷阱持续监测，同时在类似栖息地设置了至少200米远的对照地点。总体而言，我们记录了3602次野猪到访，其中3017次（83.8%）记录在放置尸体的地点，585次（16.2%）记录在对照地点。大多数到访记录在日落之后和日出之前，这与野猪活动的常见高峰期相对应。平均而言，在放置尸体后4.7天检测到首次到访。相反，对照地点为61.5天。总之，我们证明了野猪尸体对野猪具有巨大的吸引力，这展现了野猪行为的一个全新方面。因此，清除尸体是控制非洲猪瘟传播的一项关键措施。
