美国成年人的总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇：2021年8月至2023年8月

Total and High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Adults: United States, August 2021-August 2023.

作者信息

Carroll Margaret D, Fryar Cheryl D, Gwira Jane A, Iniguez Marisol

出版信息

NCHS Data Brief. 2024 Nov(515). doi: 10.15620/cdc/165796.

DOI:10.15620/cdc/165796

PMID:39750952

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11726265/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

This report presents prevalence of high total cholesterol and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) by sex and age group for adults age 20 and older from the August 2021-August 2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Trends in the prevalence of high total cholesterol and low HDL-C are also presented.

METHODS

Data from the August 2021-August 2023 NHANES were used to estimate the prevalence of high total cholesterol (240 mg/dL or higher) and low HDL-C (less than 40 mg/dL). NHANES's complex, multistage probability sample is representative of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population. The prevalence of high total cholesterol and low HDL-C were calculated using survey weights. Standard errors were estimated using Taylor series linearization, a method that accounts for the complex sample design. Differences between groups were tested using a statistic at the < 0.05 significance level. Linear trends for subgroups were tested using orthogonal contrast matrices, and linear and nonlinear trends over time were tested using JoinPoint software and linear regression, accounting for unequal duration and spacing of survey cycles.

KEY FINDINGS

During August 2021-August 2023, the prevalence of high total cholesterol was 11.3% in adults, with no significant difference between men and women overall. The prevalence of high total cholesterol was higher in adults ages 40-59 (16.7%) than in adults ages 20-39 (6.0%) and 60 and older (11.3%). The prevalence was lower in adults ages 20-39 compared with adults 60 and older. The pattern by age was different in men than in women. The prevalence of low HDL-C in adults was 13.8%, was higher in men (21.5%) than in women (6.6%) overall, and declined with increasing age for both men and women. High total cholesterol prevalence declined from 1999-2000 to 2013-2014 and remained stable through August 2021-August 2023. Low HDL-C prevalence declined from 2007-2008 to August 2021-August 2023.

摘要

引言

本报告呈现了2021年8月至2023年8月美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中20岁及以上成年人按性别和年龄组划分的高总胆固醇和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）患病率。还呈现了高总胆固醇和低HDL-C患病率的趋势。

方法

使用2021年8月至2023年8月NHANES的数据来估计高总胆固醇（240毫克/分升或更高）和低HDL-C（低于40毫克/分升）的患病率。NHANES复杂的多阶段概率样本代表了美国非机构化平民人口。高总胆固醇和低HDL-C的患病率使用调查权重进行计算。标准误差使用泰勒级数线性化方法进行估计，该方法考虑了复杂的样本设计。组间差异在显著性水平<0.05时使用统计量进行检验。亚组的线性趋势使用正交对比矩阵进行检验，随时间的线性和非线性趋势使用JoinPoint软件和线性回归进行检验，同时考虑调查周期的持续时间和间隔不等的情况。

主要发现

在2021年8月至2023年8月期间，成年人中高总胆固醇的患病率为11.3%，总体上男性和女性之间无显著差异。40 - 59岁成年人中高总胆固醇的患病率（16.7%）高于20 - 39岁成年人（6.0%）和60岁及以上成年人（11.3%）。20 - 39岁成年人的患病率低于60岁及以上成年人。男性按年龄的模式与女性不同。成年人中低HDL-C的患病率为13.8%，总体上男性（21.5%）高于女性（6.6%），并且男性和女性的患病率均随年龄增长而下降。高总胆固醇患病率从1999 - 2000年至2013 - 2014年下降，并在2021年8月至2023年8月期间保持稳定。低HDL-C患病率从2007 - 2008年至2021年8月至2023年8月下降。