Rahimpour Shokofeh, Clary Briana L, Nasoohi Sanaz, Berhanu Yohanna S, Brown Candice M
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Aging Dis. 2024 Dec 30. doi: 10.14336/AD.2024.1293.
The complex set of interactions between the immune system and metabolism, known as immunometabolism, has emerged as a critical regulator of disease outcomes in the central nervous system. Numerous studies have linked metabolic disturbances to impaired immune responses in brain aging, neurodegenerative disorders, and brain injury. In this review, we will discuss how disruptions in brain immunometabolism balance contribute to the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction. The first part of the review summarizes the contributions of critical immune cell populations such as microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrating immune cells in mediating inflammation and metabolism in CNS disorders. The remainder of the review addresses the impact of metabolic changes on immune cell activation and disease progression in brain aging, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, spinal cord injury, and traumatic brain injury. Furthermore, we also address the therapeutic potential of targeting immunometabolic pathways to reduce neuroinflammation and slow disease progression. By focusing on the interactions among brain immune cells and the metabolic mechanisms they recruit in disease, we present a comprehensive overview of brain immunometabolism in human health and disease.
免疫系统与新陈代谢之间复杂的相互作用，即免疫代谢，已成为中枢神经系统疾病结局的关键调节因子。众多研究已将代谢紊乱与脑衰老、神经退行性疾病及脑损伤中免疫反应受损联系起来。在本综述中，我们将探讨脑免疫代谢平衡的破坏如何导致脑功能障碍的病理生理学。综述的第一部分总结了关键免疫细胞群体，如小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和浸润性免疫细胞在介导中枢神经系统疾病中的炎症和代谢方面的作用。综述的其余部分阐述了代谢变化对脑衰老、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、多发性硬化症、中风、脊髓损伤和创伤性脑损伤中免疫细胞活化及疾病进展的影响。此外，我们还探讨了靶向免疫代谢途径以减轻神经炎症和减缓疾病进展的治疗潜力。通过关注脑免疫细胞之间的相互作用以及它们在疾病中募集的代谢机制，我们全面概述了人类健康和疾病中的脑免疫代谢。
