Imoto Yasuo, Matsui Hidehito, Ueda Chihiro, Nakajima Eri, Hanaki Hideaki
Kobe Testing Center, The Japan Textile Products Quality and Technology Center, 5-7-3 Yamate-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0011, Japan.
Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.
Food Environ Virol. 2025 Jan 3;17(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s12560-024-09626-y.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus are primarily transmitted through droplets or aerosols from patients. The inactivation effects of existing virus control techniques may vary depending on the environmental factors. Therefore, it is important to establish a suitable evaluation system for assessing virus control techniques against airborne viruses for further real-world implementation. This study aimed to assess the inactivating effects of chemical substances on SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in the air using an established evaluation system. A mixture containing SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in diluted saliva was nebulized into the designed 1 m chamber, and the virucidal effects of hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, and ozone in the air samples at 23 ± 1 °C with 50 ± 5% relative humidity were determined using the plaque assay. Both viral infectivity titers decreased depending on chemical substance concentration and exposure time. The concentrations of hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, and ozone in the air reached an approximately 2-log reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity titer within 10 min at 0.02, 1.0, and 1.0 ppm, respectively. SARS-CoV-2 persisted in the air even under conditions where the influenza A virus was inactivated below the detection limits. These findings demonstrate that hypochlorous acid, chlorine dioxide, and ozone are effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in the air.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和甲型流感病毒主要通过患者的飞沫或气溶胶传播。现有病毒控制技术的灭活效果可能因环境因素而异。因此，建立一个合适的评估系统来评估针对空气传播病毒的病毒控制技术，对于进一步在实际中应用至关重要。本研究旨在使用已建立的评估系统，评估化学物质对空气中SARS-CoV-2和甲型流感病毒的灭活效果。将含有SARS-CoV-2和甲型流感病毒的稀释唾液混合物雾化到设计的1立方米实验舱中，并在23±1°C、相对湿度50±5%的条件下，使用噬斑测定法测定空气样本中次氯酸、二氧化氯和臭氧的杀病毒效果。两种病毒的感染性滴度均随化学物质浓度和暴露时间的增加而降低。在0.02、1.0和1.0 ppm的浓度下，空气中的次氯酸、二氧化氯和臭氧分别在10分钟内使SARS-CoV-2感染性滴度降低约2个对数。即使在甲型流感病毒被灭活至检测限以下的条件下，SARS-CoV-2仍能在空气中持续存在。这些发现表明，次氯酸、二氧化氯和臭氧对空气中的SARS-CoV-2和甲型流感病毒具有有效的灭活作用。
