Zhou Ran, Zhang Yi, Peng Shitao, Wang Yisheng, Dai Mingxin, Hong Ningning, Tong Hui, Liang Baocui, Lu Shaopeng, Hong Wu
Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Ministry of Transport (TIWTE), Tianjin, 300456, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2025 Jan 4;197(2):131. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13563-5.
Scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of ecological restoration could provide support for sustainable management and protection of wetlands. However, due to the multiple and difficult to quantify factors affecting wetlands, commonly used spatiotemporal evaluation methods were difficult to scientifically reflect the actual effectiveness of ecological restoration. This paper took Tianjin Qilihai Wetland, a representative wetland in northern China, as the research object. Two representative time points, 2017 (before the start of the 2-year restoration project) and 2023 (4 years after the completion of the restoration project), were selected to construct a three-level monitoring and evaluation index system containing eight specific indicators from three aspects-water environment, biological community, and landscape topography. And then, a model based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was developed to systematically evaluate the ecological restoration effect. The evaluation results showed that after implementing a series of measures, the comprehensive evaluation index of wetland ecological environment increased by 37.68%. In addition, it was also found that compared to the water environment, the restoration of the ecosystem had a certain lag. It was recommended to further strengthen the follow-up and continuous monitoring and evaluation, as well as the monitoring and control of the stability of external water source quality. The method and model adopted in this paper further improved the theoretical and methodological system for evaluating the effectiveness of wetland ecological restoration.
对生态修复效果进行科学评估可为湿地的可持续管理与保护提供支持。然而，由于影响湿地的因素多样且难以量化，常用的时空评估方法难以科学反映生态修复的实际效果。本文以中国北方典型湿地天津七里海湿地为研究对象。选取了两个代表性时间点，即2017年（为期两年的修复项目开始前）和2023年（修复项目完成后4年），构建了一个包含水环境、生物群落和景观地形三个方面八个具体指标的三级监测与评估指标体系。然后，建立了基于模糊层次分析法的模型，对生态修复效果进行系统评估。评估结果表明，实施一系列措施后，湿地生态环境综合评估指标提高了37.68%。此外，还发现与水环境相比，生态系统的恢复具有一定滞后性。建议进一步加强后续的持续监测与评估，以及对外源水质稳定性的监测与管控。本文采用的方法和模型进一步完善了湿地生态修复效果评估的理论与方法体系。
