Madani Samaneh, Masoumi Seyed Jalil, Ahmadi Afsane, Zare Morteza, Hejazi Najmeh, Foshati Sahar
School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Nephrol. 2025 Jan 3;26(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03930-2.
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to be about 13.4% worldwide. Studies have shown that CKD accounts for up to 2% of the health cost burden. Various factors, such as genetic polymorphisms, metabolic disorders, and unhealthy lifestyles, can contribute to the occurrence of CKD. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between renal function and cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometric characteristics, and the dietary inflammatory index (DII) in an Iranian population.
This study was conducted on 2472 male and female employees of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), selected through census between 2018 and 2019. In this cross-sectional study, renal function was evaluated using serum creatinine (sCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Biochemical indices including sCr, BUN, fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) were measured using standard laboratory methods. eGFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure as well as anthropometric indices such as height (Ht), weight (Wt), hip circumference (HC), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), conicity index (C-Index), visceral adiposity index (VAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), body adiposity index (BAI), and body shape index (ABSI) were measured and calculated using standard methods and formulas. Diet was evaluated through a 113-item food frequency questionnaire, and the DII was calculated according to its specific instructions. To predict the factors influencing renal function and to remove the impact of confounders, multivariable linear regression was employed using the backward elimination method.
There was a significant direct relationship between sCr and FBS, TG, HDL, DBP, Wt, and BAI as well as between BUN and age, TG, HDL, and BAI. In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between eGFR and SBP, Wt, BAI, and VAI. In women compared to men, sCr and BUN values were significantly lower, while eGFR levels were significantly higher.
It seems that age, gender, lipid profile, glycemic status, BP, BAI, VAI, and Wt can be considered factors associated with renal function.
据估计，全球慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病率约为13.4%。研究表明，CKD占卫生成本负担的2%。遗传多态性、代谢紊乱和不健康的生活方式等多种因素可导致CKD的发生。因此，本研究旨在调查伊朗人群中肾功能与心脏代谢危险因素、人体测量特征和饮食炎症指数（DII）之间的关系。
本研究对设拉子医科大学（SUMS）的2472名男性和女性员工进行，这些员工是在2018年至2019年通过普查选定的。在这项横断面研究中，使用血清肌酐（sCr）、血尿素氮（BUN）和估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）评估肾功能。使用标准实验室方法测量包括sCr、BUN、空腹血糖（FBS）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和甘油三酯（TG）在内的生化指标。使用肾脏病饮食改良公式计算eGFR。使用标准方法和公式测量并计算收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）以及身高（Ht）、体重（Wt）、臀围（HC）、腰围（WC）、体重指数（BMI）、锥度指数（C指数）、内脏脂肪指数（VAI）、腹部容积指数（AVI）、身体脂肪指数（BAI）和身体形状指数（ABSI）等人体测量指标。通过一份包含113个项目的食物频率问卷评估饮食情况，并根据其具体说明计算DII。为了预测影响肾功能的因素并消除混杂因素的影响，采用向后排除法进行多变量线性回归分析。
sCr与FBS、TG、HDL、DBP、Wt和BAI之间以及BUN与年龄、TG、HDL和BAI之间存在显著的直接关系。此外，eGFR与SBP、Wt、BAI和VAI之间存在显著的负相关关系。与男性相比，女性的sCr和BUN值显著较低，而eGFR水平显著较高。
年龄、性别、血脂谱、血糖状态、血压、BAI、VAI和Wt似乎可被视为与肾功能相关的因素。
